Editing World War I

{{wikipediainfo}}
{{Infobox Conflict
|aka       = {{il|The "Great War"|The 1914-18 War|"The War to End All Wars"|"The War to End Wars"|"The Great War in Europe"}}
|image     = WorldWarI.jpg
|date      = [[1914]] - [[11 November]] [[1918]]
|location  = [[Earth]]
|first = The War Games (TV story)
|appearances = {{Appears}}
|result    = {{il|[[Central Powers]] defeated|[[Treaty of Versailles]]|End of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] and [[German Empire]]s|37,000,000 lives lost}}
|side1     = {{il|'''[[Allies (World War I)|Allies]]:'''|[[United Kingdom]]|[[France]]|[[Russia]]|[[Belgium]]|[[United States of America|United States]]|[[Japan]]|[[Italy]]|[[Serbia]]|[[Canada]]|[[Australia]]|[[New Zealand]]|[[South Africa]]|[[India]]}}
|side2     = {{il|'''[[Central Powers]]:'''|[[German Empire|Imperial]] [[Germany]]|[[Austria-Hungary]]|[[Ottoman Empire]]|[[Bulgaria]]}}
|strength1 = Millions
|strength2 = Millions
|leader1   = {{il|[[Herbert Asquith]]|[[David Lloyd George]]|[[Tsar]] [[Nicholas II]]|others}}
|leader2   = {{il|[[Kaiser]] [[Wilhelm II]]|[[General]] [[Hindenberg]]|others}}
|bts       = Recreating the Great War - Doctor Who Confidential - The Family of Blood - Series 3 - BBC}}{{Dab page|Great War}}
{{World Wars}}
The '''First World War''', also known as '''World War I''', the '''War to End Wars''', the '''1914-18 War''', ([[TV]]: ''[[The War Games (TV story)|The War Games]]'') the '''Great War''' ([[TV]]: ''[[The Family of Blood (TV story)|The Family of Blood]]'') and the '''First Great War''', ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Mark of the Rani (novelisation)|The Mark of the Rani]]'') was a [[world war|major conflict]] on [[Earth]] fought over four [[year]]s, four [[month]]s and four [[day]]s ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'') from [[1914]] ([[TV]]: ''[[The War Games (TV story)|The War Games]]'') to [[11 November]] [[1918]]. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The White Room (audio story)|The White Room]]'')

Though largely concentrated in [[Europe]], the war ultimately spread to involve other [[nation]]s such as the [[United States of America]] and [[Japan]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Doctor Who and the War Games (novelisation)|Doctor Who and the War Games]]'')

Millions of people — [[man|men]], [[woman|women]] and [[child]]ren — [[Death|lost]] their [[life|lives]] in the [[war]]. Sometimes 20,000 [[soldier]]s were killed in a single day, and a [[battle]] for six [[mile]]s of wasteland could cost lives of 1,500,000 men. [[Battlefield]]s of the First World War were considered perfect hunting grounds by [[Weeping Angel]]s. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')

By the war's end, 37 million people had lost their lives, from both sides. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Harry Houdini's War (audio story)|Harry Houdini's War]]'')

The war was referred to as "[[the War to End All Wars]]", ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'', [[PROSE]]: ''[[The Way Through the Woods (novel)|The Way Through the Woods]]'') or "the War to End Wars". ([[TV]]: ''[[The War Games (TV story)|The War Games]]'') However, the war's end only resulted in two [[decade]]s of an unstable [[peace]], plagued by enduring bitterness and resentment. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Alchemists (audio story)|The Alchemists]]'', [[PROSE]]: ''[[Players (novel)|Players]]'', et al.) Eventually the [[Treaty of Versailles|post-war settlement]] collapsed, plunging the world into a [[World War II|second global conflagration]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Timewyrm: Exodus (novel)|Timewyrm: Exodus]]'', ''[[Just War (novel)|Just War]]'', et al.)

== History ==
=== Foreseeing ===
[[Ada Lovelace]] was [[temporal displacement|temporally displaced]] from [[1834]] to [[1943]], where she was witness to the war-torn [[Paris]], as well as learning from [[Noor Inayat Khan]] that the [[World War II|current war]] came following one of a similar scale. The [[Thirteenth Doctor]] noted that these were "dark times", but that they would not sustain. Ultimately, the Doctor removed Ada's [[memory]] of this experience as she returned her home to 1834. ([[TV]]: ''[[Spyfall (TV story)|Spyfall]]'')

By the turn of the [[19th century]], [[Kaiser]] [[Wilhelm II]] of [[Germany]] was already known internationally as an ambitious figure. The prospect of his ambitions causing a [[Europe]]an land [[war]] was already a topic of discussion in the [[United Kingdom]] by [[1900]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Foreign Devils (novel)|Foreign Devils]]'')

In [[1903]], after receiving a wealth of information from the future, [[Grigori Rasputin]] foresaw the Great War. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Wanderer (audio story)|The Wanderer]]'')

The [[time travel]]ling [[Family of Blood]], while in [[1913]], warned some people there would be a war the next year though they kept some details vague. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Family of Blood (TV story)|The Family of Blood]]'')

In the [[Dalek Project]], [[Dalek]]s, spread across a trio of [[Survey Ship]]s, had travelled through [[century|centuries]] of [[human]] [[history]] where they studied human strategy to determine their weaknesses which they aimed to exploit in their [[future]] conflict. While in the process of travelling forwards through time, however, they were caught in a [[vortex storm]] and emerged in [[1908]]. [[Survey Ship Sigma]] and [[Survey Ship Delta]] collided and the latter was destroyed in [[Siberia]]. Meanwhile, Sigma managed to make it to [[Kent]]. Though he briefly considered the possibility that the Daleks, motivated by desperation, created the conflict themselves, the [[Eleventh Doctor]] presumed that they merely waited. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

According to the Doctor, "everyone who was paying any attention knew" that war was coming. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

=== Origin ===
==== Influences ====
A [[Slitheen Edward|Slitheen]] disguised as [[Sir]] [[Edward Scott Cameron]] described the [[Seven Years' War]], which was fought during the [[reign]] of [[King]] [[George II]] of [[England]], as a [[prequel]] to World War I, "a glorious affair" that "spanned [[continent]]s" and "consumed countless [[Life|lives]]." ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Death on the Mile (audio story)|Death on the Mile]]'')

The [[United Kingdom]] engaged in an arms race with [[Germany]] in [[February]] [[1906]] when the [[Royal Navy]] launched the first [[Dreadnought (warship)|''Dreadnought''-class warship]]. It contributed to the beginning of the First World War, and led to the creation of [[weapon]]s such as the [[atomic bomb]] in the longer term. [[Time travel]]ling [[alien]]s intent on [[Alien invasion|invading]] a weakened [[Earth]] tried to stop the arms race by handing the ''Dreadnought'' plans to German agents in [[January]] 1906, but the [[First Doctor]], [[Steven Taylor]] and [[Ruby Watkins]] foiled their plans. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Peace in Our Time (audio story)|Peace in Our Time]]'')

The war was caused in part by the influence of the [[Nemesis]] statue passing by [[Earth]] in [[1913]] ([[TV]]: ''[[Silver Nemesis (TV story)|Silver Nemesis]]'') but also by [[Jack Harkness]] throwing [[Last of Erebus|Object 1]] into [[the Rift]]. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Torchwood Archive (audio story)|The Torchwood Archive]]'') It was also stated that the war should have been prevented by Time Assassin [[James Blakelock]], who was tasked with bribing Ferdinand's assassin to ''not'' commit murder, thus preventing the war. However, his presence in turn gave the Serbian the idea to do so in the first place. By causing the very war he was tasked to prevent, Blakelock was placed on trial for the millions of deaths that had occurred because of his actions. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Missy and the Time Assassin (audio story)}})

==== Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ====
{{Quote|In June 1914, an Archduke of Austria was shot by a Serbian, and this then led, through nations having treaties with nations, like a line of dominoes falling, to some boys from England walking together in France on a terrible day.|The [[Tenth Doctor]] on the build up to World War I.|The Family of Blood (TV story)|The Family of Blood}}

[[File:Sarajevo Assassination.jpg|left|thumb|The [[Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand|assassination]] of [[Archduke]] [[Franz Ferdinand]] and his [[wife]] by [[Gavrilo Princip]] in [[Sarajevo]], [[28 June]] [[1914]], the consequences of which led to war. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')]]
However, the ostensible reason was that a [[Serbia]]n nationalist [[Gavrilo Princip]] [[Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand|assassinated]] the [[Austria]]n Archduke [[Franz Ferdinand]] in [[Sarajevo]] in [[June]] [[1914]]. Austria issued a list of demands to Serbia, which were rejected. In response, Austria prepared to invade Serbia. [[Russia]] was allied to Serbia and started mobilising its troops. Knowing that [[France]] was also allied to Serbia, [[Germany]], which was itself allied to Austria, decided to attack France first because France wanted the provinces of [[Alsace]]-[[Lorraine]] back. In order to do that, Germans had to march through [[Luxembourg]] and [[Belgium]]. However, the [[United Kingdom]] had a treaty to protect Belgium. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Human Nature (novel)|Human Nature]]'') This brought Britain's colonies into the war - including [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], [[Canada]], [[South Africa]] and [[India]] - as well as [[Japan]], which had an agreement with Britain. Although Italy were bound by treaty to Germany, they held back from the war for a year, before siding against Germany in [[1915]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)|The Time Traveller's Almanac]]'') Thus, most of the major powers were pulled into the war, and the others soon chose a side too. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Human Nature (novel)|Human Nature]]'')

At one point, the [[Eleventh Doctor]] grew fearful as he began to suspect that the [[Dalek]]s had conditioned Princip to commit the assassination so [[human]]ity would be plunged into war, allowing the Daleks to make advancements with the [[Dalek Project]]. Yet the Doctor ultimately never found any conclusive evidence to confirm his suspicions and conceded that it was only a possibility. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

=== The War ===
==== 1914 ====
===== Early combat =====
[[File:World war one.jpg|thumb|right|One of the many [[battlefield]]s during the War. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Family of Blood (TV story)|The Family of Blood]]'')]]
In [[August]], the [[United Kingdom]] entered the war. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'') Among the [[soldier]]s who joined up were a group of six including [[Johnny (Front Line)|Johnny]], [[Rex (Front Line)|Rex]], [[Archie (Front Line)|Archie]], [[James (Front Line)|James]], [[Tommy (Front Line)|Tommy]] and a [[private (Front Line)|private]]; they had joined in search of [[action]] and [[adventure]]. Of them, Johnny and Rex were [[kill]]ed in the first disastrous push while Archie was killed by the constant mixture of [[mud]] and [[death]] underfoot. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Front Line (short story)|Front Line]]'')

Some of the battlegrounds were [[Mons]], ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'') [[Battle of Passchendaele|Passchendaele]], [[Battle of the Somme|the Somme]], [[Verdun]], [[Tannenberg]] and [[Ypres]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'', [[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Next Life (audio story)|The Next Life]]'', [[PROSE]]: ''[[Byzantium! (novel)|Byzantium!]]'', ''[[Remembrance of the Daleks (novelisation)|Remembrance of the Daleks]]'', ''[[Illegal Alien (novel)|Illegal Alien]]'')

[[Scottish Highland]] regiments were part of the [[British Army]] in [[World War I]]. The Highlanders gained a reputation as fierce [[soldier]]s in the conflict. The [[Germany|Germans]] called them "the [[devil]]s in [[Kilt|skirts]]" and "the ladies from [[hell]]." ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Mouthless Dead (audio story)|The Mouthless Dead]]'')

On [[21 August]], British troops were preparing to defend the town of [[Mons]] in [[Belgium]] from the advancing [[Germany|German]] troops. The [[Battle of Mons]] was the first battle of the [[British Army]] in the war. There were rumours of [[Weeping Angel]]s making [[German]] soldiers vanish during the battle. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')

In 1914, the [[Third Doctor]], [[Tobias Philby]] and [[Thomas (The Amateur)|Thomas]] ended up in a No Man's Land in [[France]], where they learned of a [[Germany|German]] artillery build-up and warned the British Army of it. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Amateur (comic story)|The Amateur]]'')

The [[Tenth Doctor]] and [[Rose Tyler]] visited the war and put a stop to the [[Warfreek]]z' observation of the battles. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[Warfreekz! (comic story)|Warfreekz!]]'')

[[File:Centre Fold The Great War.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Eighth Doctor]] in World War I ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Great War (audio story)|The Great War]]'')]]
The [[Eighth Doctor]] was led by [[Straxus (The Great War)|Straxus]] to the middle the conflict, and arrived in a No Man's Land in [[France]]. A [[time wind]]s leak from the [[Time vortex|vortex]] was causing trouble and harm to the humans. During the mission, he met his soon-to-be [[companion]] [[Molly O'Sullivan]], a [[nurse]] serving on the front. When he acknowledged the conflict as "the Great War", she commented there was nothing great about it, calling it the "worst war". At this point in the war, [[tank]]s had yet to be introduced, while [[American]] involvement was limited to [[volunteer]]s. The Doctor also encountered a fake surgeon named [[Sturgis]] and learned he was a servant of the [[Dalek]]s ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Great War (audio story)|The Great War]]'') before escaping the exterminators with Molly. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Fugitives (audio story)|Fugitives]]'')

[[Japan]] also became involved in the war ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Doctor Who and the War Games (novelisation)|Doctor Who and the War Games]]'') and naval action took place in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Eye of the Giant (novel)|The Eye of the Giant]]'')

In [[October]], Germany bombarded [[Antwerp]]. Using her yacht, a British woman named [[Jessica Borthwick]] evacuated numerous [[Belgium|Belgians]] across the [[English Channel]] while under German fire. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Brotherhood of the Daleks (audio story)|Brotherhood of the Daleks]]'')

===== Christmas truce =====
{{Main|Christmas truce}}
[[File:Nine the Football Referee.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Ninth Doctor]] referees a [[Christmas]] [[football]] match between the [[English]] and the [[German]]. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Forgotten (comic story)|The Forgotten]]'')]]
On [[25 December|Christmas Day]] 1914, a festive [[Christmas truce|truce]] was called and soldiers on both sides participated in [[football]] matches in no-man's land. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[This Town Will Never Let Us Go (novel)|This Town Will Never Let Us Go]]'') They also conversed and shared [[cigarette]]s. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Little Drummer Boy (short story)|The Little Drummer Boy]]'', [[COMIC]]: ''[[The Forgotten (comic story)|The Forgotten]]'') The celebrations were witnessed by the [[First Doctor]], [[Steven Taylor]], and [[Sara Kingdom]]; ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Little Drummer Boy (short story)|The Little Drummer Boy]]'') the [[Third Doctor]], [[Tobias Philby]] and [[Thomas (The Amateur)|Thomas]]; ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Amateur (comic story)|The Amateur]]'') the [[Fifth Doctor]] and [[Peri Brown]]; ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Never Seen Cairo (short story)|Never Seen Cairo]]'') the [[Ninth Doctor]] and [[Rose Tyler]]; ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Forgotten (comic story)|The Forgotten]]'') the First Doctor a second time and the [[Twelfth Doctor]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Twice Upon a Time (TV story)|Twice Upon a Time]]'')

The [[Ninth Doctor]] visited at [[Christmas truce|Christmas, 1914]] with [[Rose Tyler]]. He started the [[football]] game between the opposing troops taking part in the Christmas truce. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Forgotten (comic story)|The Forgotten]]'') The [[Fifth Doctor]] also visited a [[battlefield]] during the Christmas truce, during which he met [[Edward Woodbourne]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Never Seen Cairo (short story)|Never Seen Cairo]]'')

On Christmas 1914 in [[Ypres]], Captain [[Archibald Hamish Lethbridge-Stewart]] entered into a standoff with [[German soldier (Twice Upon a Time)|a German soldier]] that would ultimately cost them both their lives. However, Archibald was briefly extracted by the [[Testimony]] to copy his memories, but an error in the timeline caused Archibald to end up in Antarctica in 1986 near the [[First Doctor]] and [[Twelfth Doctor]]. The two Doctors attempted to save Archibald from the Testimony before understanding its true purpose. Ultimately, Archibald was returned to his own time, but the Twelfth Doctor adjusted the time periods for the two soldiers ahead by a couple of hours.

[[File:Twelve on the Battlefield.jpg|thumb|left|The Twelfth Doctor on the quiet battlefield during the Christmas truce ([[TV]]: ''[[Twice Upon a Time (TV story)|Twice Upon a Time]]'')]]
As a result, their standoff ended with neither man dying when the [[Christmas truce]] began shortly after time resumed. Seeing his future self's actions caused the First Doctor to understand what "the Doctor of War" really was and he decided to go forth with his [[regeneration]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Twice Upon a Time (TV story)|Twice Upon a Time]]'')

The [[26 December|next day]], soldiers resumed fighting. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Little Drummer Boy (short story)|The Little Drummer Boy]]'')

==== 1915 ====
[[File:Eastern Front Dalek Project.jpg|thumb|The Eastern Front. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')]]
In 1915, the [[Dalek]] crew of [[Survey Ship Sigma]] made their move to complete the [[Dalek Project]]. A [[missile]] from the Survey Ship shot down a [[plane]] flown by [[Ralph Hellcombe]] on his way back to [[Kent]]'s [[Hellcombe Hall]]. Recovering Ralph's [[body]], the Daleks converted him into a [[Dalek duplicate]]. A single Dalek approached and presented Ralph to his [[father]], [[Lord]] [[Hellcombe]], claiming to have used its advanced technology to save his life. Having earned Lord Hellcombe's gratitude, the Dalek had him create an army of [[British Proto-Dalek|Proto-Daleks]] at [[Hellcombe Factory]], ostensibly for the British war effort. Meanwhile, a pair of Daleks appeared on the [[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern Front]], where German forces were engaged against the [[Russian]]s. There, they shot down two German soldiers including [[Heinrich Graul]], the son of [[Erik Graul]]. Claiming that his son was shot down by the Russians, the Daleks had Erik oversee the construction of [[German Proto-Dalek]]s. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

On [[7 May]] [[1915]], the [[RMS Lusitania|RMS ''Lusitania'']] was [[torpedo]]ed by the German [[submarine|U-boat]] and sank, precipitating the entry of the [[United States of America]] into the war two years later. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Sirens of Time (audio story)|The Sirens of Time]]'')

In the [[summer]] of [[1915]], [[Joseph Watson]] was killed in [[France]]. [[John Watson]] considered the morale of those in [[London]] to be somewhat sapped by the falling of [[German]] bombs over London. Many had evacuated to the country, but Watson declined to. ([[PROSE]]: {{Cs|The Spirit Box (novel)}})

In 1915, [[Wilfred Hollins]] was killed in the war. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Nightshade (audio story)|Nightshade]]'')

Twelve months into the war, [[James (Front Line)|James]] was killed by [[shrapnel]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Front Line (short story)|Front Line]]'')

This year, [[the Forge]] ran one of at least two experiments they conducted for the war effort: trying to create [[vampire]] [[soldier]]s. On [[4 October]], [[Project Twilight|Project: Twilight]] ended in disaster when 57 vampires escaped the [[Forge Alpha Facility]]. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Project Twilight (audio story)|Project: Twilight]]'', [[PROSE]]: ''[[Project Valhalla (novel)|Project: Valhalla]]'')

[[Tommy (Front Line)|Tommy]] was killed by a German [[bullet]], leaving the [[Private (Front Line)|private]] as the sole survivor of his original group of six. A [[week]] later, the [[Seventh Doctor]] offered the private the opportunity to travel with him but the man declined. At that point, the war had been raging for 16 [[month]]s. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Front Line (short story)|Front Line]]'')

The [[Gallipoli campaign]] saw the [[British Empire]] send [[British Army|its army]], mostly from the [[Australian and New Zealand Army Corp]], to take the [[peninsula]] of [[Gallipoli]] before quickly moving on to [[Constantinople]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Direct Action (short story)|Direct Action]]'') [[Jack Harkness]] was present at Gallipoli during the campaign, wearing a battered [[coat]] which had sustained several holes as a result of gunfire. He was responsible for saving the life of [[Ata]], an [[Ottoman]] soldier, while warding off a creature which fed on [[fear]] in times of [[war]]. While doing so, Jack was killed twice, first from a gunshot inflicted by Ata when he initially approached him, then again by Ottoman forces when they recovered Ata. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[What Have I Done? (audio story)|What Have I Done?]]'') Ultimately, the terrain and the enemy turned out to be much more than the British had bargained for, and the ANZAC soldiers were slaughtered. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Direct Action (short story)|Direct Action]]'')

[[Winston Churchill]] was blamed for the Gallipoli disaster and in response, he went to serve as a [[Major]] on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]], rather than sit out the war as a [[Member of Parliament]]. That year, he became the subject of [[Game of Hitler and Churchill|a plot]] by the [[Count (Players)|Count]] and [[Countess (Players)|Countess]] of the [[Player]]s, who sought to [[Kidnapping|kidnap]] him and send him as a [[Politics|political]] [[prisoner]] to Germany. The [[Second Doctor]], [[Jeremy Carstairs]] and [[Lady]] [[Jennifer Buckingham]] intervened, and the Doctor took the fall to allow Churchill to flee captivity. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Players (novel)|Players]]'')

At Christmas, soldiers from both sides tried to organise another truce. This effort was quelled by their superiors. Some of the soldiers involved were [[Death sentence|executed]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Twice Upon a Time (novelisation)|Twice Upon a Time]]'')

==== 1916 ====
[[File:Angels and tank.jpg|thumb|The Weeping Angels facing a tank in World War I. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')]]
In [[1916]], the [[First Doctor]] and his [[granddaughter]] [[Susan Foreman]] were caught in a [[Zeppelin]] raid. ([[TV]]: ''[[Planet of Giants (TV story)|Planet of Giants]]'', [[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Alchemists (audio story)|The Alchemists]]'')

On [[1 July]], the [[British Army]] began a massive offensive in [[the Somme]]. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Men of War (audio story)|Men of War]]'') It was later called the [[Battle of the Somme|First Battle of the Somme]] ([[COMIC]]: ''[[Time Bomb! (comic story)|Time Bomb!]]'') or simply the "Big Push". The attacks were happening simultaneously along miles of trenches. [[Jamie Colquhoun]] and his regiment took part in the offensive. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'') So did Captain [[Richard Hadleman]] and his Ninth battalion of the [[Norfolk Regiment]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Human Nature (novel)|Human Nature]]'')

The Tenth Doctor encountered the [[Weeping Angel]]s in the town of [[St Michel]]. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')

On [[20 August]], the ''[[New York Times]]'' reported that thousands had died in the Somme. A man who had been in the battle in July 1916, but was sent to [[1892]] by a [[Weeping Angel]], died of a [[heart attack]] after he read the headline. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')

The Battle of the Somme ended on [[18 November]], ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Men of War (audio story)|Men of War]]'') as the years' fighting on the Western Front gave way to a particularly harsh [[winter]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Doctor Who and the War Games (novelisation)|Doctor Who and the War Games]]'')

As the "endless war" continued, the [[Tsar]] went on [[holiday]] with his family away from the [[Winter Palace]] on the [[advice]] of "[[Grigori Rasputin]]", actually {{Dhawan}}, who had posed as the Tsar's advisor to use the [[palace]] for his [[the Master's Dalek Plan|ill-fated plan]] to steal the [[Thirteenth Doctor]]'s [[The Doctor (title)|identity]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Power of the Doctor (TV story)|The Power of the Doctor]]'')

In [[December]], on the [[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern Front]], [[wound]]ed Russian soldiers continued to flood back into [[St Petersburg]]. The Tsar's regime began to buckle under the strain of the conflict and workers demanding better conditions displayed [[revolution]]ary attitudes by [[singing]] "[[La Marseillaise]]". That [[month]], Rasputin was [[murder]]ed by aristocrats who feared he was exerting too much influence on [[Alexandra Fydorovna|Tsarina Alexandra]]. The [[Socialist Revolutionary Fighting Section]] managed to frame the assassination as an attack on the lower classes, creating further resentment towards the Tsarist regime. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Wages of Sin (novel)|The Wages of Sin]]'')

==== 1917 ====
[[File:Daleks in No Man's Land.jpg|thumb|[[Corporal]] [[Edward Anderson]] rallies British and German soldiers against the Proto-Daleks in No Man's Land. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')]]
In [[1917]], [[George Newman]] fought on the [[Italy|Italian]] front. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Fiesta of the Damned (audio story)|Fiesta of the Damned]]'')

The [[Eleventh Doctor]] arrived at [[Hellcombe Hall]] in 1917 where, with help from Corporal [[Edward Anderson]] and Lord [[Hellcombe]], he learned about the [[Dalek Project]]. He managed to help the Allied and German armies defeat the Daleks and their [[Proto-Dalek|robotic drones]] in [[No Man's Land]] in north east France before all witnesses to the Dalek plan could be exterminated. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

In [[April]], America [[American entry into World War I|joined the fight]] against Germany, hastening the end of the conflict the following year. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)|The Time Traveller's Almanac]]'')

The immortal [[Jack Harkness]] fought in the war in the British Army, ([[TV]]: ''[[Utopia (TV story)|Utopia]]'', [[COMIC]]: ''[[The Forgotten (comic story)|The Forgotten]]'') as did [[Tim Latimer]], [[Hutchinson (TV character)|Hutchinson]] ([[TV]]: ''[[The Family of Blood (TV story)|The Family of Blood]]'') and [[Burton|Major Burton]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Delta and the Bannermen (TV story)|Delta and the Bannermen]]'') [[Solomon (Daleks in Manhattan)|Solomon]] and the older members of his [[Hooverville]] fought in the American army during the war ([[TV]]: ''[[Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)|Evolution of the Daleks]]'') as did [[Diagoras]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)|Daleks in Manhattan]]'') By 1917, most young men in [[England]] had been drafted. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Way Through the Woods (novel)|The Way Through the Woods]]'') The [[android]] [[Edwin Bracewell]] had [[memory|memories]] of the War implanted in his [[positronic brain]]. The [[Eleventh Doctor]] speculated that these were someone else's memories that had been stolen for the process. ([[TV]]: ''[[Victory of the Daleks (TV story)|Victory of the Daleks]]'')

This year, [[the Forge]] tried to brainwash soldiers into being more aggressive. The [[Seventh Doctor]], travelling with [[Ace]] and [[Hex]], was drawn to the Forge's experiments at [[Charnage Hospital]] and thwarted them. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[No Man's Land (audio story)|No Man's Land]]'')

A number of British and [[Germany|German]] soldiers were kidnapped by the [[War Lord]]s for their [[War Game]]s, fighting in a replica of the Western Front. The Second Doctor, believing the "1917 Zone" was the real conflict, called it "one of the worst wars in human history". The soldiers were eventually returned home to [[Earth]] by the [[Time Lord]]s. ([[TV]]: ''[[The War Games (TV story)|The War Games]]'')

The [[First Doctor]] witnessed the [[Battle of Passchendaele]] and considered it an awful event. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Byzantium! (novel)|Byzantium!]]'')

==== 1918 ====
In or by [[1918]], British [[Field Marshal]] [[Douglas Haig|Haig]] ordered that "Every position must be held to the last man." [[Tommy Brockless]], who served in the [[10th West Yorkshire Regiment]], was executed in 1918 when, suffering from [[shell shock]], he refused to return to the front lines. ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'')

[[11 November]] 1918, [[Armistice Day]], marked the end of the war. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The White Room (audio story)|The White Room]]'') A million [[British Army|British soldiers]] had [[died]] during the war. ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'')

==== Undated events ====
Sometime during the war, the [[American Army Air Corps]] had [[Foggia Airfield Complex|a base]] in [[Foggia]], which the [[Ninth Doctor]] visited, ingratiated himself with [[Commanding officer (Have You Seen This Man?)|the CO]], and stole a [[Spad XIII]]. He was also present in a [[photograph]] taken by [[Josiah Rowe]]'s [[Josiah Rowe's grandfather|grandfather]] of his fellow [[pilot]]s. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Have You Seen This Man? (short story)|Have You Seen This Man?]]'')

=== Aftermath and legacy ===
==== Formal end of the war ====
A conference was held at [[Versailles]] in [[1919]] for the signing of the [[Treaty of Versailles]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Illegal Alien (novel)|Illegal Alien]]'') Under the terms of the treaty, [[Germany]] lost all of her [[colony|colonies]], much of her [[Europe]]an territory and was made to accept responsibility for the war. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Just War (novel)|Just War]]'')

==== Recriminations and the post-war climate ====
{{main|Between the wars}}
In the aftermath of the war, certain women over thirty in the [[United Kingdom]] gained the right to vote. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Suffering (audio story)|The Suffering]]'') The "[[Kingdom]] of [[Iraq]]" was formed. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[A Wing and a Prayer (comic story)|A Wing and a Prayer]]'') As [[Jack Harkness]] recalled, wounded [[soldier]]s returned home en masse to places such as [[Cardiff]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'')

After the war, an [[influenza]] pandemic raged across the world. The [[Ice Warrior]]s had released the virus to weaken humanity and allow them to invade. The virus killed the Ice Warriors instead. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Cold (short story)|Cold]]'')

By [[1930]], the British very rarely spoke about the war. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Hall of the Ten Thousand (audio story)|Hall of the Ten Thousand]]'')

The war was followed relatively quickly by the [[World War II|Second World War]] which began on [[1 September]] [[1939]], ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Timewyrm: Exodus (novel)|Timewyrm: Exodus]]'', [[AUDIO]]: ''[[Just War (audio story)|Just War]]'', ''[[Neverland (audio story)|Neverland]]'', ''[[A Blind Eye (audio story)|A Blind Eye]]'') This war had its roots in the First World War and its aftermath, with [[Adolf Hitler]]'s [[Nazi]] Party defying the Treaty of Versailles in order to regain much of Germany's lost territories such as the [[Rhineland]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Players (novel)|Players]]'', ''[[Just War (novel)|Just War]]'')

[[Tommy Brockless]], a shell-shocked WWI soldier who had been put in the care of [[Torchwood]] and preserved in hibernation until the [[21st century]], was saddened about the [[Iraq War]], since he had been told that World War I one was "The War to End All Wars." He was eventually returned to his original time period through the [[Cardiff Rift]], completing a stable time loop that required him to survive until the 21st century. Unfortunately, once he returned to 1918, his memories reverted to their original state, and all his old fears of the battlefield returned. Brockless would be shot down by a British firing squad three weeks later for displaying cowardice. ([[TV]]: ''[[To the Last Man (TV story)|To the Last Man]]'')

==== Remembrance and memory ====
[[File:St Michel war memorial.jpg|thumb|[[Jamie Colquhoun]] at the [[St Michel War Cemetery]]. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')]]
When [[Ben Jackson]] told him about the First World War in [[November]] [[1920]], [[Jamie McCrimmon]] initially assumed that it was fought against [[alien]]s. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Mouthless Dead (audio story)|The Mouthless Dead]]'')

In November [[1930]], [[Solomon (Daleks in Manhattan)|Solomon]] was among many veterans of the Great War whom lived in [[Hooverville]] in [[Central Park]]. Recalling that the only reason they had got through it was because they stuck together, Solomon enforced a rule forbidding [[stealing]] and [[fighting]], teaching the populace that, no matter how bad things got, they still needed to act like [[human]] beings since that was all they had. Meanwhile, [[Diagoras]] noted to [[Dalek Caan]] that he had been a soldier, recalling how he swore he would survive no matter what. ([[TV]]: ''[[Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)|Daleks in Manhattan]]'')

[[Sarah Jane Smith]] likened [[Null-Space]] to [[photograph]]s of No Man's Land in the First World War. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[The Ghosts of N-Space (audio story)|The Ghosts of N-Space]]'')

The [[Tenth Doctor]] went on to describe the [[men]] who fought in the war as part of the "[[lost generation]]" because the [[war]] resulted in the deaths of so many soldiers, effectively decimating their [[generation]]. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'') While talking with [[Christina de Souza]], he listed the First World War amongst the places he had been. ([[TV]]: ''[[Planet of the Dead (TV story)|Planet of the Dead]]'')

After the end of the Great War, the [[town]] of [[St Michel]] instituted [[St Michel War Cemetery]] for war veterans, which an elderly [[Jamie Colquhoun]] attended in [[2007]] with his grandson and great-grandchildren. The Tenth Doctor and [[Gabby Gonzalez]], fresh from their encounter with the young Jamie and the [[Weeping Angel]]s in [[1916]], watched him from a distance. ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]'')

In [[2017]], some archaeologists came across the crashed [[Dalek saucer]] [[Survey Ship Sigma]] in [[France]], one hundred years after it had crashed following the failure of the Dalek Project, and accidentally revived the surviving [[Dalek]]s inside. The [[Eleventh Doctor]] arrived just in time to prevent a disaster and connected the saucer to a power line, overloading the Daleks. He saw this as him dealing with "unfinished business". ([[COMIC]]: ''[[The Dalek Project (comic story)|The Dalek Project]]'')

At an unknown time, the [[1917]] bombings of London were recreated in the mind of [[Sepulchre (Dead London)|Sepulchre]], as part of a series of living [[Historical re-enactment|historical re-enactments]] of events taking place in the city throughout [[history]]. ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[Dead London (audio story)|Dead London]]'')

== Behind the scenes ==
* In the real world, the First World War lasted four [[year]]s, three [[month]]s and 14 [[day]]s<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I |title=World War I |website name=Britannica.com |accessmonthday=February 7 |accessyear=2024}}</ref>, rather than four years, four months and four days as the [[Tenth Doctor]] claims in the comic story ''[[The Weeping Angels of Mons (comic story)|The Weeping Angels of Mons]]''.
* Entry #17 in ''[[Have You Seen This Man? (short story)|Have You Seen This Man?]]'' features references to the [[American Army Air Corps]] during World War I. Although American army pilots were trained at a facility in [[Foggia]], Italy during World War I, the aviation unit of the US Army to which they were attached was the [[wikipedia:United States Army Air Service|United States Army Air Service]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibits/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/196752/the-foggiani/ |title=The Foggiani |website name=National Museum of the United States Air Force |accessmonthday=February 7 |accessyear=2024}}</ref> It was renamed the [[wikipedia:United States Army Air Corps|United States Army Air Corps]] in 1926.

== Footnotes ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:World War I| ]]
[[Category:Conflicts]]
[[Category:Conflicts from the real world]]