A camera was a device for taking still photos.
Isobel Watkins used a camera and infrared film to take pictures of the Cybermen in the sewers of London. (TV: The Invasion)
Harrison Chase used a camera to photograph the Krynoid in the grounds of Chase Mansion. (TV: The Seeds of Doom)
The Fourth Doctor used a Polaroid camera to take a photograph of the soldier in Florence, 1505, and knocked him out while he was distracted by his photographic image. (TV: City of Death)
Fairies could choose whether or not a camera could take their picture. (TV: Small Worlds)
Kazran Sardick kept a camera about him. He used it take black and white pictures of his adventures with the Eleventh Doctor and Abigail Pettigrew. (TV: A Christmas Carol)