The Silurian virus was a deadly virus used by the Silurians millions of years ago when they ruled the Earth. They would use the virus on the Human apes that raided their crop fields and it killed millions of them.
When they attempted to reclaim Earth, the Young Silurian released the virus and caused an epidemic across England. The Doctor was able to create a cure for the virus and it was mass produced and sent out over England, making Humanity immune to the virus. (DW: Doctor Who and the Silurians)