Adoption

Sarah Jane Smith adopted Luke, a human child who was artificially created by the Bane. Maria Jackson, aware that adoption required "forms and things", joked if Sarah Jane would have acknowledged the Bane Mother as his real mother. Sarah Jane, however, assured Maria that the process was "officially done and dusted" by Mr Smith. (TV: Invasion of the Bane) Later, Sarah Jane adopted Sky, a Fleshkind girl who was left at her home by the Shopkeeper. (TV: Sky)

Having been left in a hatchery on Raxacoricofallapatorius by the Ninth Doctor, (TV: Boom Town) a Raxacoricofallapatorian egg was adopted by the Jingatheen family, becoming known as Margaret Ag-Kris Therur-Ford Jingatheen. (COMIC: A Confusion of Angels)

Tecteun found and adopted the Doctor through kidnapping, as she didn’t investigate the reason as to why the Doctor was a foundling, and assumed she was abandoned and lost.