Natural history
From Tardis Wiki, the free Doctor Who reference
Natural history was a branch of science which stressed observational methodologies. Birdwatching, when done to a certain standard of rigour, was an example of the kind of activity in which a natural historian, or naturalist, might engage.
Known practitioners
Professor Brian Phipps was a naturalist who was friends with the Third Doctor. (TVA: The Vortex)