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{{moss|There's more than one TARDIS in our Tardis. So how do you tell the difference between them? Easy: you '''disambiguate''' them. But be warned, we do disambiguation differently than other projects — and we're especially different from Wikipedia.}}
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'''Disambiguation''' is the fancy term for "giving an article a unique name". It is the act of adding a [[disambiguation term]] to the title of an article, so as to ensure that two similarly named things can have unique pages in our database.
'''Disambiguation''' is the fancy term for "giving an article a unique name". It is the act of adding a [[disambiguation term]] to the title of an article, so as to ensure that two similarly named things can have unique pages in our database.


This page defines disambiguation, then explains how it is handled on this wiki. These policies are different to those which exist on Wikipedia or most any other wiki, in part because the total sum of work done in the [[DWU]] forces disambiguation strategies that are sometimes explicitly different to those found on Wikipedia.
Because the word is so long, we often abbreviate it to just '''dab''' here. You'll often see us turn the abbreviation into other forms, like '''dabbed''', '''dabbing''', and '''undab'''. These shortened forms are often seen in [[help:edit summary|edit summaries]], where letter count is at a premium.
== Example of dabbing ==
A practical example is [[TARDIS]]. There are tons of TARDISes in the [[DWU]], so to disambiguate them, we add a [[disambiguation term]] in parentheses after the word TARDIS.  


Editors who have primarily worked on other wikis should '''definitely not''' assume that they understand disambiguation '''on this wiki'''.  And if you're new to wiki editing, you'd do well to read this document thoroughly, as well.
Hence:


In a nutshell, our disambiguation policy is that pages having to do with stories '''always''' get a [[disambiguation term]].  Pages about in-universe topics don't get disambiguated at all, unless there are two or more [[in-universe]] terms with that same name.  Hence, [[Castrovalva]] means the city and [[Castrovalva (TV story)]] means the [[serial]], ''even though'' the TV serial is linked '''far''' more often than the city.  Equally, [[Adam Smith]] means a character whereas the page for [[director]] Adam Smith is [[Adam Smith (director)]].
*[[TARDIS]]
== The name itself ==
*[[TARDIS (Prisoners of Fate)]]
Although the term is ubiquitous in wiki editing communities, don't feel stupid if you've never heard it before.  It's actually a comparatively new term, which arose at the beginning of the computer age, and has only become truly popularised in the [[English language]] ''because of'' projects like Wikipedia.  In a loose sense, it's almost "Wikipedia slang".
*[[TARDIS (Time, Love and TARDIS)]]
*[[TARDIS (World Game)]]


But, for a colloquial term associated with a particular community, it's really long — and awfully pretentious.  That's why you'll often find it  shortened to '''dab''', which results other forms like '''dab-ed''', '''dabed''','''dabing''', '''dab-ing''', '''un-dab''' and '''undab'''. These shortened forms are often seen in [[help:edit summary|edit summaries]], where letter count is at a premium.
...and so on.
 
== How other wikis do it ==
Editors who have primarily worked on other wikis should '''definitely not''' assume that they understand disambiguation '''on this wiki'''. Generally, the rule on ''other'' wikis is that the '''most commonly linked''' page gets the un-disambiguated term.
 
So [[wikipedia:Benjamin Franklin]] is about the American revolutionary and inventor who appears on the US$100 bill, while the famous British surgeon is [[wikipedia:Benjamin Franklin (surgeon)]].
== How we do it ==
By contrast '''popularity''' has nothing to do with whether a title gets a disambiguation term here. We base dabbing decisions largely on whether the topic is '''in-universe''' or '''out-of-universe'''.
 
Here, pages having to do with stories '''always''' get a disambiguation term. Pages about in-universe topics don't get disambiguated at all, unless there are two or more [[in-universe]] terms with that same name. Hence, [[Castrovalva]] means the city and [[Castrovalva (TV story)]] means the [[serial]], ''even though'' the TV serial is linked '''far''' more often than the city. Equally, the page [[Adam Smith]] is for a character whereas the page for [[director]] Adam Smith is [[Adam Smith (director)]].
== What the hell are you people talking about? ==
If you've made it this far, and you've joined us after considerable experience of Wikipedia, you're probably scratching your head. So let's take a break, mid-document, to note that you're not going crazy. This is a ''radical'' departure from their way of doing things. Indeed, it's one of the most obvious ways in which we're [[T:EVIL TWIN|"Wikipedia's evil twin"]].
== Basic principles ==
== Basic principles ==
When you start an article, the first choice you must make is how to name it. In this decision, you must choose whether to give it a '''[[dab term]]''' or not. A '''dab term''' is the bit in parentheses which follows the main name. For instance, in the title [[Castrovalva (TV story)]], the dab term is "(TV story)".
===Why are there little names in parentheses after a title?===
When you start an article, the first choice you must make is how to name it. In this decision, you must choose whether to give it a '''''[[dab term]]''''' or not. A dab term is the bit in parentheses which follows the main name. For instance, in the title [[Castrovalva (TV story)]], the dab term is "(TV story)".
 
But why does the [[serial]] ''Castrovalva'' get a dab term, at all? Why isn't it simply ''Castrovalva''? The reason is that wiki technology requires different concepts to have unique names. The page on the city [[Castrovalva]] must have a different name to the TV story, [[Castrovalva (TV story)]]. Think of it as a technical limitation of this medium. If this were a print encyclopedia, we could have one article called "The Daleks" for the TV story, and one called "The Daleks" for the episode of ''[[Doctor Who Confidential]]''. It might be ''confusing'' but the book would still "work". You could still use the table of contents and turn the pages to find the articles. Without unique names on a wiki, though, you can't find the exact thing you're looking for.
===Why is it Castrovalva (TV story) and not Castrovalva (city)?===
The precise ''way'' in which we choose to use dab terms has evolved over time on this wiki. From the beginning, though, the guiding principle has been:
:'''Out-of-universe things get dab terms; in-universe things generally don't.'''
 
This means that if you have a choice between the '''city''' Castrovalva and the '''story''' Castrovalva, the city stays at [[Castrovalva]] and the story goes to [[Castrovalva (TV story)]]. This notion was one of the first things decided by our founding editors, and it has gained widespread acceptance by our community.
 
Note, though, that this is a very different organising principle to that which you'll find on other wikis, like Wikipedia. There, the notion is that '''relative popularity''' determines which page goes without a [[dab term]]. If we were set up like Wikipedia, [[Castrovalva]] would lead to the TV story, because it is by far the thing most people associate with the term "Castrovalva".
 
But our system isn't like that. We ''consistently'' choose to prioritise on the in-universe/out-of-universe metric, giving no weight at all to most linked to /least linked to, or most searched for/least searched for.
=== A literal problem ===
If this were a ''Star Wars'' or DC Comics database, this stance would be unproblematic. We'd only have a few instances of ''literal titles'' — that is, titles that name something from the universe. But authors in the [[DWU]] are unusually literal with their titles. Depending on the range, the percentage of DWU stories named for a thing in the universe can be as high as 50%. Many DWU literal titles — like ''Logopolis'', ''Castrovalva'', ''The Ark'', ''The Ice Warriors'', ''Dalek'' and ''Paradise Towers'' — are named after ''places'' or ''species''.
 
Look at just this one run of five television stories:
*''[[Warriors' Gate]]'' — not a literal name, so it was safe to title it without a dab term.
*''[[The Keeper of Traken]]'' – really, quite a literal title, but because the ''office'' was at [[Keeper of Traken]], we got away with not having a dab term.
*''[[Logopolis (TV story)]]'' — [[Logopolis]] is a planet, so we need the dab term
*''[[Castrovalva (TV story)]]'' — [[Castrovalva]] is a city, so we need the dab term
*''[[Four to Doomsday]]'' – and we're back again to a metaphorical title
 
Of course, most of our users didn't have too big a problem recognising when television stories had literal names. The real problem is with titles in other media. Do you know, for instance, that:
*[[Verdigris]] is a couple of things in the DWU, not just a novel title?
*the [[Gemini Plan]] was more than just the name of a Third Doctor comic story?
*[[The Crystal Bucephalus]] was actually the name of a restaurant, not just the name of a novel?
 
You begin to see the problem. There are ''thousands'' of story titles. How can the average editor possibly know which will require <code>(novel)</code>, <code>(comic story)</code> or <code>(audio story)</code>? The answer is that they can't.


But why does the [[serial]] ''Castrovalva'' get a dab term, at all?  Why isn't it simply ''Castrovalva''?  Our rationale comes down to consistence and ease of use.
===A simple solution===
For years, there's been a bit of a steep learning curve imposed by this philosophy. New editors had to figure out on their own which stories got a dab term and which didn't. As we discovered that the title was literal, story names would be moved — and something which had for years been [[Verdigris]], would suddenly be [[Verdigris (novel)]]. As more and more of these titles were moved, [[Forum:Story names should be automatically disambiguated|it was decided]] that the system was becoming overly complicated. [[Forum:Story names (modified like this)|Users questioned]] why some titles had dab terms and others didn't.
 
Rather than requiring editors to memorise a changing chart of which titles got dab terms and which didn't, we now simply '''require ''all'' story names to have a disambiguation term attached.'''


Authors in the [[DWU]] are unusually literal with their titles.  Unlike, say, ''Star Wars'', which mostly shies away from titling stories with the name of a thing in the ''Star Wars'' Univer
== Main principles==  
== Main principles==  
These basic principles guide the choice of whether to add a dab term to a title:
These basic principles guide the choice of whether to add a dab term to a title:
#'''''All''''' story titles get a dab term, as explained further at [[T:DCS]].
#'''''All''''' story titles get a dab term, as explained further at [[T:DAB TERM]].
#In-universe terms '''never''' get a dab term, unless there's more than one in-universe thing with that same name
#In-universe terms '''never''' get a dab term, unless there's more than one in-universe thing with that same name. So, [[Castrovalva]] means the planet, [[The Pandorica Opens]] means the painting, [[Paradise Towers]] means the buildings and [[Miracle Day]] means the in-universe ''event''. But you will need to dab common names (like [[Susan]]), "re-used" species names (like [[Vogan (Revenge of the Cybermen)]] and [[Vogan (The Vogan Slaves)]]), titles (like [[Captain]]) and names that are used for completely different things, like [[Shada (prison)]] and [[Shada (book)]].
#'''Things which appear in narratives''' '''''do not''''' get disambiguated, unless the exact name is used twice, in narrative. So, [[Castrovalva]] means the planet, [[The Pandorica Opens]] means the painting, [[Paradise Towers]] means the buildings and [[Miracle Day]] means the in-universe ''event''. But you will need to dab common names (like [[Susan]]), species names used twice (like [[Vogan]]), titles (like [[Captain]]) and anything else
#If more than three things share a common name, the un-disambiguated term is typically made a redirect to a '''disambiguation page''' using the dab term "(disambiguation)" — a list of all things sharing that name. Hence [[Nurse]], [[Sergeant]], [[Bill]], [[Amy]], [[Rose]], [[Martha]] and the like redirect to disambiguation pages, instead of being pages about specific people.
#If more than three things share a common name, the un-disambiguated term typically goes to a '''disambiguation page''' — a list of all things sharing that name. Hence [[Nurse]], [[Sergeant]], [[Susan]], [[Bill]], [[Amy]], [[Rose]], [[Martha]] and the like are disambiguation pages, not specific people.


Those coming from Wikipedia will immediately see how our wiki is different. On Wikipedia, the thing that is most commonly associated with the name is un-disambiguated. Thus, '''according to Wikipedia rules''', [[The Pandorica Opens]] would be the episode, [[Martha]] would be a redirect for [[Martha Jones]], [[Rose]] would mean [[Rose Tyler]] and so on.
Those coming from Wikipedia will immediately see how our wiki is different. On Wikipedia, the thing that is most commonly associated with the name is un-disambiguated. Thus, '''according to Wikipedia rules''', [[The Pandorica Opens]] would be the episode, [[Martha]] would be a redirect for [[Martha Jones]], [[Rose]] would mean [[Rose Tyler]] and so on.  


For us, the important point of distinction is in-universe/out-of-universe — '''''not''''' most commonly used/least commonly used. To re-iterate, in-universe terms generally aren't disambiguated (unless there's more than one of that thing in the DWU) and the out-of-universe thing always gets disambiguated.
For us, the important point of distinction is in-universe/out-of-universe — '''''not''''' most commonly used/least commonly used. To re-iterate, in-universe terms generally aren't disambiguated (unless there's more than one of that thing in the DWU) and story titles always get disambiguated.


== Finer detail ==
== Finer detail ==
#'''People''' are named according to the story (or episode) they ''first'' appeared in, even if they appear in subsequent stories for which they are arguably more famous. Common English names and titles are retained for use as a '''disambiguation page''', or a page which lists other pages that share that name. Take, for instance, the common name [[Charlie]]. [[Charlie]] is a disambiguation pages, while other people named Charlie can be found on pages like [[Charlie (The Gunfighters)]], [[Charlie (The Mind of Evil)]] and [[Charlie (Night of the Humans)]]. Note that characters like [[Nancy (The Empty Child)]] are named by the ''first'' episode in which they appear. Note, too, that titles can be disambiguation pages, too.  [[Nurse]] is a disambiguation page about all people with that title, whereas [[Nurse (Let's Kill Hitler)]] and [[Nurse (Out of Time)]] are individual nurses.
#'''Characters''' are named according to the story (or episode) they ''first'' appeared in, even if they appear in subsequent stories for which they are arguably more famous. Common English names and titles are retained for use as a '''disambiguation page''', or a page which lists other pages that share that name. Take, for instance, the common name [[Charlie]]. [[Charlie]] redirects to the a disambiguation page [[Charlie (disambiguation)]], while other people named Charlie can be found on pages like [[Charlie (The Gunfighters)]], [[Charlie (The Mind of Evil)]] and [[Charlie (Night of the Humans)]]. Note that characters like [[Nancy (The Empty Child)]] are named by the ''first'' episode in which they appear. Note, too, that titles can also have disambiguation pages; [[Nurse (Let's Kill Hitler)]] and [[Nurse (Out of Time)]] are individual nurses who have no other identifier than their profession, requiring the creation of [[Nurse (disambiguation)]]. However, [[Nurse]] must serve as a page for the occupation in in-universe terms.
#'''Things''' encountered in universe usually don't have to be disambiguated. For instance [[Castrovalva]] is unmistakably the city, as the real world painting has never been mentioned in the DWU to date. However, when things ''do'' require disambiguation some standard terms are given at [[T:DCS]]. The general rule of thumb is to make the name a single, simple word, such as (planet), (moon) or the like.  
#'''Things''' encountered in universe usually don't have to be disambiguated. For instance [[Castrovalva]] is unmistakably the city, as the real world painting has never been mentioned in the DWU to date. However, when things ''do'' require disambiguation some standard terms are given at [[T:DAB TERM]]. The general rule of thumb is to make the name a single, simple word, such as (planet), (moon) or the like.  
 


* Making the links to the articles point to the correctly disambiguated title, so for example checking the 'what links here' for [[Charlie]] to make sure any links are pointing to the correctly disambiguated article name.
* Making the links to the articles point to the correctly disambiguated title, so for example checking the 'what links here' for [[Charlie]] to make sure any links are pointing to the correctly disambiguated article name.


* Ensuring that a reader who searches for a topic using a particular term can get to the information on that topic quickly and easily, whichever the possible topics might be. For example [[Charlie]] is a disambiguation page, a non-article page which lists the various uses of "Charlie" and links to the disambiguated articles.
* Ensuring that a reader who searches for a topic using a particular term can get to the information on that topic quickly and easily, whichever the possible topics might be. For example [[Charlie (disambiguation)]] is a disambiguation page, a non-article page which lists the various uses of "Charlie" and links to the disambiguated articles.


As discussed below however, some articles do not need to primarily be disambiguation pages, and the term itself/article itself may require being disambiguated away from the primary topic title.
As discussed below however, some articles do not need to primarily be disambiguation pages, and the term itself/article itself may require being disambiguated away from the primary topic title.


== Primary topics ==
== Primary topics ==
Although a term may potentially refer to more than one topic, it sometimes is the case that one of these topics is far more likely to be the one a reader is searching for when searching in the Search box. If there is such a topic, then it is known as the '''primary topic''' for that term. If a primary topic exists, that article should be titled with no disambiguation, however, with a note at the top of the article directing to a disambiguation page.  
Although a term may potentially refer to more than one topic, it sometimes is the case that one of these topics is far '''more likely to be the one a reader is searching for''' when searching in the Search box. If there is such a topic, then it is generally found to be the '''primary topic''' for that term. If a primary topic exists, that article should be titled with no disambiguation. However, a note should appear at the top of the article directing readers to a disambiguation page (or a simple {{tlx|you may}} widget, in the case of one conflict). '''A good example is [[regeneration]].''' As a primary topic article, a {{tlx|dab page}} note appears at the top which points to the disambiguation article: [[Regeneration (disambiguation)]].
 
Almost always, this will be a designation of one in-universe subject as primary over other similarly-named DWU subjects. Sometimes, as with the case of '''[[Jack Harkness]]''', you'll find the "[[Jack Harkness (Captain Jack Harkness)|original]]" is secondary, providing the "mimic" is as prominent in DWU literature as Captain Jack is. In other cases, a major historical figure like '''Queen [[Victoria]]''' is deemed a primary topic over [[companion]]s, like [[Victoria Waterfield]], who would have been named after the [[Queen of the United Kingdom|British monarch]] who was her contemporary. '''Decidedly "major" real-world individuals''' (a category including, but not limited to, [[showrunner]]s and [[:Category:Actors who portrayed the Doctor|actors who have portrayed the Doctor]]) are '''usually deemed primary topics as well'''. Hence, if they have an in-universe counterpart, you'll run into one of the vanishingly rare cases where the real-world topic should take precedence. Because they are based on the real-world person, and that real-world person is more relevant to the [[DWU]], there's a '''one-way causal relationship'''.
 
[[File:Tom BAker.jpg|thumb|This is [[Tom Baker (in-universe)]], not [[Tom Baker]]. And the late '''[[John Hurt]]''' takes precedence over [[John Hurt (in-universe)]], even though he wasn't the [[War Doctor]] until 2013.]]
For example, we'd hardly want to confuse casual readers by having the page '''[[William Hartnell]]''' be about [[William Hartnell (Lady Penelope Investigates the stars of the Sensational new film Dr. Who and the Daleks!)|a fictional actor from the 2060s]], rather than the real individual who played the [[First Doctor]]. This is taken as a ''reference'' to Bill Hartnell, who, it can hardly be overstated, was a foundation for the whole [[The Doctor's universe|universe]] to follow, alongside figures like [[Verity Lambert]], [[Sydney Newman]] and [[Dalek]] creator [[Terry Nation]]. All of them have in-universe counterparts, and each one takes the dab "(in-universe)".


An example is [[Regeneration]] which is a primary topic article, at the top of the article it directs to a disambiguation topic covering other uses of the term regeneration.  
(But note that this is different from the case of Castrovalva. This is a reversal for [[meta-fiction universe|meta-fiction]], and [[#Why is it Castrovalva (TV story) and not Castrovalva (city)?|it doesn't work both ways]]. If the serial ''Castrovalva'', on the other hand, were to [[Doctor Who (N-Space)|appear in a story]] in [[the Doctor's universe]], it would get a story dab, without affecting the city's standing.)


The regeneration disambiguation article is titled thusly [[Regeneration (disambiguation)]].  
:''For more on dabbing in-universe counterparts, see [[Tardis:Disambiguating in-universe counterparts]].''


== Disambiguation rules ==
== Disambiguation rules ==
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There are some disambiguation rules to follow on this wiki.
There are some disambiguation rules to follow on this wiki.


* '''Story titles are always disambiguated, according to our [[help:disambiguation cheat sheat|disambiguation cheat sheat]].'''
* '''Story titles are always disambiguated, according to [[T:DAB TERM]].'''  


* '''You need 3 similarly-named things to start a disambiguation page, particularly one that is itself un-disambiguated.''' A disambig page that is itself un-disambiguated simply invites people to link to it.  For instance, if the page ''''City of the Daleks''' existed, then people would ''most likely'' link to it when they were trying to link to the modern [[City of the Daleks (video game)]], because many people are unaware of the 1960s [[City of the Daleks (comic story)]].   Deleting the page at '''City of Daleks''' is actually ''helpful'', because it forces users to pick one of the two valid links. We want disambiguation pages to help us create more correct links — not be lightning rods for bad ones. Un-disambiguated disambig pages tend to have long [[Special:WhatLinksHere|WhatLinksHere]] lists, so they really shouldn't be created '''before they are truly necessary'''. Thus, disambig pages consisting of just two items are actually considered, on balance, ''unhelpful''.
* '''You need 3 similarly-named things to start a disambiguation page.''' For instance, if the page ''''City of the Daleks''' existed, then people would ''most likely'' link to it when they were trying to link to the modern [[City of the Daleks (video game)]], because many people are unaware of the 1960s [[City of the Daleks (comic story)]]. Deleting the page at '''City of Daleks''' is actually ''helpful'', because it forces users to pick one of the two valid links. We want disambiguation pages to help us create more correct links — not be lightning rods for bad ones. Un-disambiguated disambig pages tend to have long [[Special:WhatLinksHere|WhatLinksHere]] lists, so they really shouldn't be created '''before they are truly necessary'''. Thus, disambig pages consisting of just two items are actually considered, on balance, ''unhelpful''.


* According to [[Forum:Peter Anghelides's future doctor naming|a forum discussion]], if a thing needs disambiguation, but it appears in more than one episode or story, the disambiguation term shall be the ''first'' story or episode in which the character appears. For instance, Nancy of ''[[The Empty Child]]'' / ''[[The Doctor Dances]]'' is disambiguated as [[Nancy (The Empty Child)]].
* According to [[Forum:Peter Anghelides's future doctor naming|a forum discussion]], if a thing needs disambiguation, but it appears in more than one episode or story, the disambiguation term shall be the ''first'' story or episode in which the character appears. For instance, Nancy of ''[[The Empty Child]]'' / ''[[The Doctor Dances]]'' is disambiguated as [[Nancy (The Empty Child)]].


== Disambiguation page formatting ==
== Disambiguation page formatting ==
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'''Article title''' may refer to...
'''Article title''' may refer to...


It should also include the <nowiki>{{disambiguation}}</nowiki> tag on the page, this also adds the disambiguation category to the page.
It should also include the {{tlx|disambig}} tag on the page; this also adds the disambiguation category to the page.


== See also ==
== See also ==
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* [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Disambiguation|Wikipedia's disambiguation guide]] also has information on which this policy was partially based.
* [[Wikipedia:Wikipedia:Disambiguation|Wikipedia's disambiguation guide]] also has information on which this policy was partially based.


[[Category:Policies]]
[[Category:Policies|Disambiguation]]
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