The Masque of Mandragora (TV story): Difference between revisions

From Tardis Wiki, the free Doctor Who reference
m (Bot: Cosmetic changes)
 
(329 intermediate revisions by 82 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Infobox ClassicTV|
{{title dab away}}
story name= The Masque of Mandragora|
{{real world}}
image= [[Image: Mandragora_title.jpg |250px]]|
{{ImageLinkTV}}
series=[[Doctor Who]] - [[TV stories|TV Stories]]|
{{Infobox Story SMW
number= [[Season 14]]|
|image= Mandragora title.jpg  
story number= 86|
|series=[[Doctor Who television stories|''Doctor Who'' television stories]]
doctor=[[Fourth Doctor]] |
|season number= Season 14 (Doctor Who 1963)
companions= [[Sarah Jane Smith]]|
|season serial number = 1
enemy= [[Mandragora Helix|The Mandragora Helix]]<br>[[Hieronymous]]<br>Count [[Federico]]|
|story number= 86
year= [[Italy]], [[Earth]]; circa [[1492]]|
|doctor = Fourth Doctor
writer= [[Louis Marks]]|
|companions= [[Sarah Jane Smith|Sarah]]
director= [[Rodney Bennett]]|
|enemy= The [[Mandragora Helix]]
producer= [[Philip Hinchcliffe]]|
|setting= [[San Martino]], [[1492]]; [[Mandragora Helix]]  
broadcast date= [[4th September]] - [[25th September]] [[1976]] |
|writer= Louis Marks
format= 4 25-minute episodes|
|director= [[Rodney Bennett]]
production code= [[List of production codes|4M]]|
|producer= [[Philip Hinchcliffe]]
previous story= [[The Seeds of Doom]] |
|novelisation= Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora (novelisation)
next story= [[The Hand of Fear]]}}{{Quote|Dangerous?  My dear [[Giuliano|Duke]], you've got lots of guests to entertain.  Of course you must hold a hop.  [[Sarah Jane Smith|Sarah]] will love it.|[[Fourth Doctor|the Doctor]]}}
|epcount = 4
'''''The Masque of Mandragora''''' was the first story of [[Season 14|the 14th season]] of the [[1963]] version of ''[[Doctor Who]]''. It was notable for being the first historical story since ''[[The Gunfighters]]'' not to be principally set in [[Great Britain]].
|broadcast date= 4 - 25 September 1976
|network = BBC1
|format= 4x25-minute episodes
|serial production code= [[List of production codes|4M]]
|prev= The Seeds of Doom (TV story)
|next= The Hand of Fear (TV story)
|clip = "You Can't Count, Count!" The Masque of Mandragora Doctor Who
|clip2=Sarah Jane Sacrificed The Masque of Mandragora Doctor Who
|thwr = 87
}}
'''''The Masque of Mandragora''''' was the first serial of [[Season 14 (Doctor Who 1963)|season 14]] of ''[[Doctor Who]]''. It was notable for being the first historical or pseudo-historical story since ''[[The Gunfighters (TV story)|The Gunfighters]]'' not to be principally set in [[Great Britain]] (although ''[[The Abominable Snowmen (TV story)|The Abominable Snowmen]]'', retroactively established as having a historical setting, took place in [[Tibet]]).


It also introduced the first radical redesign of the [[the Doctor's TARDIS|TARDIS]] control room, and offered the first explanation of how both [[the Doctor]] and his [[companion]]s were able to communicate in languages other than [[English]].  
It also introduced the first radical redesign of [[the Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]] control room and offered the first explanation of how both [[the Doctor]] and his [[companion]]s were able to understand and communicate in languages other than [[English language|English]].


==Synopsis==
== Synopsis ==
An encounter with the living energy structure known as the Mandragora Helix leads the TARDIS to 15th century Italy. Between palace intrigue, the machinations of a sinister cult and a rogue fragment of Helix energy, the Fourth Doctor and Sarah have their hands full. There is not much time, for when Mandragora swallows the Moon, it will be time to strike.
An encounter with the living energy structure known as the [[Mandragora Helix]] leads [[The Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]] to [[15th century]] [[Italy]]. Between palace intrigue, the machinations of a sinister cult and a rogue fragment of Helix energy, the [[Fourth Doctor]] and [[Sarah Jane Smith|Sarah]] have their hands full. There is not much time, for when Mandragora swallows [[the Moon]], it will be time to strike.


==Plot==
== Plot ==
The Fourth Doctor shows Sarah some of the other parts of the TARDIS interior, and they come across the older, secondary console room which, unlike the primary room is decorated with wood-panelling and has a more archaic feel. Activating the viewscreen, the Doctor sees a swirl of living energy in the time vortex — the Mandragora Helix — which starts to draw them in. The intelligence within the Helix starts to psychically attack them as the Doctor tries to pilot the TARDIS through it. The ship ends up inside the Helix itself, and the Doctor and Sarah duck behind the TARDIS as a fragment of glowing Helix energy flies by. They escape in the TARDIS, not knowing that the fragment has entered with them.
=== Part one ===
[[Image:TARDISMandragora.jpg|thumb|left|The Mandragora energy exits the TARDIS in San Martino]]
The [[Fourth Doctor]] shows [[Sarah Jane Smith|Sarah Jane]] some of the other parts of [[The Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]] interior that she's unfamiliar with. They come across the older console room which, unlike the primary room, is decorated with wood-panelling and has a more archaic feel. Activating the viewscreen, the Doctor sees a swirl of living energy in the time vortex — the [[Mandragora Helix]] — which starts to draw them in. The intelligence within the Helix starts to psychically attack them as the Doctor tries to pilot the TARDIS through it. The ship ends up inside the Helix itself. The Doctor and Sarah go outside but have to duck behind the TARDIS as a fragment of glowing Helix energy flies by. They escape in the TARDIS, not knowing that the fragment has entered with them.
[[Image:BrotherhoodTakeSarah.jpg|thumb|left|The Brotherhood of Demnos take Sarah]]
[[File:TARDISMandragora.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Mandragora Helix|Mandragora energy]] exits [[The Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]] in [[San Martino]].]]
In 15th century [[San Martino]], Italy, a peasant revolt is violently put down by Count [[Federico]] and his men, led by Captain [[Rossini (The Masque of Mandragora)|Rossini]]. In a palace, Federico's brother, the Duke of San Martino, lies dying. He is attended by his son [[Giuliano]] and Giuliano's companion, [[Marco (The Masque of Mandragora)|Marco]]. The Duke's death had been foretold by [[Hieronymous (The Masque of Mandragora)|Hieronymous]], the court astrologer. Giuliano, a man of science, does not believe in such [[superstition]]. In fact, Hieronymous is working for Federico, and the horoscope's prediction of the Duke's death was helped along by [[poison]]. Hieronymous tells the Count that he feels his powers are growing, but all Federico wants is for the astrologer to foretell Giuliano's death next, and he will take care of the rest.


In 15th century San Martino in Italy, a peasant revolt is violently put down by Count Federico and his men led by Captain Rossini. In a palace, Federico's brother the Duke of San Martino lays dying attended to by his son Giuliano and Giuliano's companion Marco. The Duke's death had been foretold by Hieronymous, the court astrologer, but Giuliano, a man of science, does not believe in such superstition. In fact, Hieronymous is working for Federico, and the horoscope's prediction of the Duke's death was helped along by poison. Hieronymous tells the Count that he feels his powers are growing, but all Federico wants is for the astrologer to foretell Giuliano's death next, and he will take care of the rest.
The TARDIS materialises in a field near San Martino. The Doctor and Sarah go out to explore. Unseen, the energy fragment flies out of the TARDIS as well. Sarah wanders off to look at some orange trees and is kidnapped by a group of men in hooded robes. The Doctor tries to rescue her, but he is knocked unconscious. When he awakes, he witnesses the energy fragment fly towards and kill a peasant. Searching for Sarah, the Doctor is confronted by the Count's men and after being chased, he is arrested.


The TARDIS materialises in a field near San Martino, and when the Doctor and Sarah go out to explore, the energy fragment flies out of the TARDIS, unseen. Sarah wanders off and is kidnapped by a group of men in hooded robes. The Doctor tries to rescue her but is knocked out, and when he awakes he witnesses the energy fragment fly towards and kill a peasant. Searching for Sarah, the Doctor is confronted by the Count's men and arrested.
At the court, the Doctor tries to tell Federico that the energy fragment could spell the end of the world. The Count at first thinks the Doctor is a seer, like Hieronymous. When the astrologer quizzes the Doctor, it becomes clear that the Doctor does not believe in any of it. Federico orders the Doctor to be [[execution|executed]] as a spy. Meanwhile, Sarah is brought before a priest. He tells her that she is the foretold sacrifice to [[Mandragora Helix|Demnos]], the Roman god of moonlight and solstice. She is dressed in a white robe and told that she will be sacrificed when the moon rises over the southern obelisk. Back at the palace courtyard, the Doctor is led to the [[executioner (The Masque of Mandragora)|executioner]] and forced to his knees for [[decapitation]].


At the court, the Doctor tries to tell Federico that the energy fragment could spell the end of the world. The Count at first thinks the Doctor is a seer, like Hieronymous, but when the astrologer quizzes the Doctor, it becomes clear that the Doctor does not believe in any of it. Federico orders the Doctor to be executed as a spy. Meanwhile, Sarah is brought before a priest and told that she is the foretold sacrifice to Demnos, the Roman god of moonlight and solstice. She is dressed in a white robe and told that she will be sacrificed when the moon rises over the southern obelisk. Back at the palace courtyard, the Doctor is led to the executioner, forced to his knees for decapitation.
=== Part two ===
[[Image:HeironGetsMandragora.jpg|thumb|right|The Mandragora Helix communicates with Hieronymous]]
Before the executioner's sword lands, the Doctor unfurls his [[The Doctor's scarf|scarf]] and hooks it around the executioner's ankle, throwing him off balance. The Doctor escapes out of the palace grounds and finds his way into some catacombs beneath the city. The guards, fearing the Brethren of Demnos who reside in those passages, stop their pursuit. Inside, Sarah is laid out on an altar. A purple-robed figure wearing a golden mask is about to stab her with a silver dagger when the Doctor snatches Sarah away. The fragment appears in the chamber, suffusing it with a red glow and providing a distraction for the two to escape.
[[Image:DocSarahCaves.jpg|thumb|right|The Doctor explains Mandragora energy to Sarah]]
Before the executioner's sword lands, the Doctor unfurls his scarf and hooks it around the executioner's ankle, throwing him off balance. The Doctor escapes out of the palace grounds and finds his way into some catacombs beneath the city. The guards, fearing the Brethren of Demnos who reside in those passages, stop their pursuit. Inside, Sarah is laid out on an altar. A purple-robed figure wearing a golden mask is about to stab her with a silver dagger when the Doctor snatches Sarah away, just as the fragment appears in the chamber, suffusing it with a red glow and providing a distraction for the two to escape.


Giuliano examines the body of a guard that was killed earlier by the passage of the fragment, and while he does not know the cause of the guard's death, he dismisses ideas that it was some kind of fire demon. The Doctor and Sarah are found by some palace guards. In the temple, the Helix manifests itself as a pillar of red light and tells the purple-robed figure that he alone will be given undreamed-of powers to carry out its will on Earth and become the planet's supreme ruler. After the Helix vanishes, the figure removes the golden mask, revealing the face of Hieronymous.
Giuliano examines the body of a guard that was killed earlier by the passage of the fragment, and while he does not know the cause of the guard's death, he dismisses ideas that it was some kind of fire demon. The Doctor and Sarah are found by some palace guards. In the temple, the Helix manifests itself as a pillar of red light and tells the purple-robed figure that he alone will be given undreamed-of powers to carry out its will on Earth and become the planet's supreme ruler. After the Helix vanishes, the figure removes the golden mask, revealing the face of Hieronymous.
[[File:DocSarahCaves.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Fourth Doctor]] explains Mandragora energy to Sarah.]]
The guards bring the Doctor and Sarah, not to Federico, but to Giuliano, who shows him the dead guard's body and tells the Doctor of fears that if Federico rules San Martino, all knowledge and learning will be suppressed. Elsewhere, Federico discovers that Giuliano has invited several nobles to San Martino to celebrate his succession to the Dukedom. Angered, Federico demands Hieronymous make up a new horoscope and poison Giuliano before the next evening.
The Doctor [[deduce]]s that the Helix chose San Martino because the Brethren provided a ready-made power base. The 15th century was the transition between the [[Dark Ages]] and the dawn of the [[Renaissance]] — the Helix could gain control of the Earth now through a new religion. The Doctor tells Giuliano the temple must be destroyed. They go to the temple, and the Doctor enters the [[catacomb]]s alone, but as he enters the main chamber the Helix attacks him psychically. Rossini informs Federico of Giuliano's trip to the temple, and the Count decides to take his guards to the temple to kill his "pagan" nephew. The guards corner Giuliano with their swords. Sarah runs into the catacombs calling for the Doctor, but she is caught by the Brethren.
=== Part three ===
[[File:SarahDoesSums.jpg|thumb|right|Sarah helps the Doctor with some basic arithmetic.]]
The Helix attack stops, but the Doctor is prevented from venturing further into the temple. He leaves to find Giuliano fighting off the guards and joins in with a sword of his own. Giuliano is wounded, and suddenly, the Brethren emerge from the forest armed with staves and force the guards to retreat. The Doctor and Giuliano go into the catacombs.


The guards bring the Doctor and Sarah, not to Federico, but to Giuliano, who shows him the dead guard's body and tells the Doctor of fears that if Federico rules San Martino, all knowledge and learning will be suppressed. Elsewhere, Federico discovers that Giuliano has invited several nobles to San Martino to celebrate his succession to the Dukedom. Angered, Federico demands Hieronymous make up a new horoscope and poison Giuliano before the next evening.
Sarah is held captive by the Brethren, as the priest and Heironymous talk. The priest is eager to [[sacrifice]] Sarah, but Hieronymous decides to use her as bait for the Doctor. Hieronymous allowed the Brethren to save Giuliano because the young prince may still have value. Bound and gagged, Sarah is brought to the astrologer's chambers, where she is drugged and hypnotised to believe the Doctor is an evil sorcerer. Hieronymous gives her a poisoned needle to kill the Doctor.
 
At the palace, the invited nobles begin to arrive, and Federico realises he does not have much time to eliminate Giuliano, but Rossini is unable to find Giuliano in San Martino. Hieronymous warns Federico that his life is in danger. Federico scoffs, believing Hieronymous to be a fraud, but he is suspicious enough to tell Rossini to banish Hieronymous from the city.
 
In the catacombs, Giuliano and the Doctor find Sarah, who cannot remember anything after her capture by the cult. They make their way into the palace dungeons through a secret passage. The Doctor goes to confront Hieronymous, whom he has [[deduce]]d is the leader of the Brethren, in his rooms. Sarah secretly follows, trying to carry out her post-hypnotic orders. When the Doctor speaks to Hieronymous, Sarah sneaks up behind with the needle, but the Doctor snaps her out of the trance, just as the guards come for Hieronymous. The astrologer escapes, but the guards capture the Doctor and Sarah as well as Giuliano.
 
In the dungeons, Federico accuses the prisoners of being followers of Demnos. Rossini rushes in, informing the Count that members of the Brethren are gathering on the streets and moving towards the temple. The Doctor tries to convince Federico that Hieronymous is the real threat. Unnerved, Federico wants to see for himself and takes the Doctor with him and some guards, leaving the others as hostages. In the temple, Hieronymous summons the Helix, which begins infusing him and his followers with power. Disguised in hoods, the Doctor, Federico and the guards enter and witness the ceremony. Federico steps forward, calls Hieronymous a traitor, and rips off the golden mask, only to reveal glowing energy in the place of a face. Hieronymous raises a finger, and electrical energy stabs out at the horrified Count, reducing him to ashes.


The Doctor deduces that the Helix chose San Martino because the Brethren provided a ready-made power base. The 15th century was the transition between the Dark Ages and the dawn of the Renaissance — the Helix could gain control of the Earth now through a new religion. The Doctor tells Giuliano the temple must be destroyed. They go to the temple, and the Doctor enters the catacombs alone, but as he enters the main chamber the Helix attacks him psychically. Rossini informs Federico of Giuliano's trip to the temple, and the Count decides to take his guards to the temple to kill his "pagan" nephew. The guards corner Giuliano with their swords. Sarah runs into the catacombs calling for the Doctor, but is caught by the Brethren.
=== Part four ===
Hieronymous then fires at and kills the two guards as well, but he does not seem to have seen the Doctor. The Doctor joins the circle around the Helix as Hieronymous announces that Mandragora will swallow the Moon the next evening and then the Brethren will strike. The Doctor slips away unnoticed. Back in the palace dungeons, Rossini is about to kill the prisoners when the Doctor arrives and reveals that Federico is dead. With that, the guards change their allegiance to Giuliano and take Rossini into custody. The Doctor observes that the Brethren are still a danger. He tells Giuliano to fortify the palace in preparation for their attack.
[[File:DocGetsBreastplate.jpg|thumb|left|The Doctor gets fitted for the final confrontation with Hieronymous.]]
In the meantime, the Brethren are driving people out of the city, killing those who refuse with bolts of fire, isolating the palace. Giuliano wants to cancel the masque that will celebrate his accession, but Marco is confident they can defend the palace against the Brethren, and that to cancel the masque would be a sign of weakness. The Doctor does some astronomical observations and calculates there will be a lunar [[eclipse]] that evening — Mandragora swallowing the Moon — and when the Helix takes over, it will remove all sense of purpose from mankind. Right now, however, the Helix energy is spread thinly over all the Brethren, and it could be exhausted. He asks Giuliano for a breastplate and a length of wire. Wearing the breastplate under his coat, if he has guessed right about the nature of Helix energy, he could drain it off.


[[Image:SarahDoesSums.jpg|thumb|left|Sarah helps the Doctor with basic math]]
Hieronymous knows of a secret way into the palace, and he intends to infiltrate his men under cover of the masque. The Doctor makes his way into the temple and grounds the altar with wire. Hieronymous addresses the Doctor as "[[Time Lord]]", and says that Earth has to be possessed; if mankind's ambition is not checked, it will eventually spread into the galaxy and the powers of Mandragora will not allow a rival within their domain. Hieronymous fires a bolt of energy into the Doctor's chest, knocking him back painfully, but the Doctor survives. More bolts fire into the Doctor, but he continues to egg Hieronymous on, as the Brethren Leader begins to loses his strength...
The Helix attack stops, but the Doctor is prevented from venturing further into the temple. He leaves to find Giuliano fighting off the guards and joins in with a sword of his own. Giulianio is wounded, and suddenly, the Brethren emerge from the forest armed with staves and force the guards to retreat. The Doctor and Giuliano go into the catacombs. The priest is eager to sacrifice Sarah, but Hieronymous decides to use her as bait for the Doctor. Hieronymous allowed the Brethren to save Giuliano because the young prince may still have value. Sarah is brought back to the astrologer's chambers, and is drugged and hypnotised to believe the Doctor is an evil sorcerer. Hieronymous gives her a poisoned needle to kill the Doctor.
[[File:FourthSarahCiaoSanMartino.jpg|thumb|right|Sarah and the Doctor say goodbye to San Martino.]]
At the masque, the Brethren make their appearance, with the guests running about in panic; they fire energy bolts into the crowd, killing a man and a woman. Hieronymous then appears and tells the Brethren to take the others down into the temple for the final sacrifice. The Moon goes into eclipse, and the Brethren place their hands on the altar as a ball of Helix energy descends. However, it consumes the Brethren instead, expanding and then fading away. "Hieronymous" removes his mask — revealing the Doctor, who was imitating the cult leader's voice. The Doctor explains it as a case of "energy squared", putting the Mandragora Helix back where it came from.


At the palace, the invited nobles begin to arrive, and Federico realizes he does not have much time to eliminate Giuliano, but Rossini is unable to find Giuliano in San Martino. Hieronymous warns Federico that his life is in danger. Federico scoffs, believing Hieronymous to be a fraud, but is suspicious enough to tell Rossini to banish Hieronymous from the city.
The Doctor and Sarah say their goodbyes to Giuliano. Just before they leave in the TARDIS, the Doctor tells Sarah that while Giuliano will not have any more trouble with Mandragora, humanity will. The constellation will be in position again in 500 years, at about the end of the [[20th century]]...


In the catacombs, Giuliano and the Doctor find Sarah, who cannot remember anything after her capture by the cult. They make their way into the palace dungeons through a secret passage. The Doctor goes to confront Hieronymous, whom he has deduced is the leader of the Brethren, in his rooms. Sarah secretly follows, trying to carry out her post-hypnotic orders. When the Doctor speaks to Hieronymous, Sarah sneaks up behind with the needle, but the Doctor manages to snap her out of the trance, just as the guards come for Hieronymous. The astrologer escapes, but the guards capture the Doctor and Sarah as well as Giuliano.
== Cast ==
* [[Fourth Doctor|Doctor Who]] - [[Tom Baker]]
* [[Sarah Jane Smith]] - [[Elisabeth Sladen]]
* Count [[Federico]] - [[John Laurimore]]
* [[Hieronymous (The Masque of Mandragora)|Hieronymous]] - [[Norman Jones]]
* Captain [[Rossini (The Masque of Mandragora)|Rossini]] - [[Antony Carrick]]
* [[Giuliano]] - [[Gareth Armstrong]]
* [[Marco (The Masque of Mandragora)|Marco]] - [[Tim Piggott-Smith]]
* [[High Priest (The Masque of Mandragora)|High Priest]] - [[Robert James (actor)|Robert James]]
* [[Brother (The Masque of Mandragora)|Brother]] - [[Brian Ellis]]
* [[Soldier (The Masque of Mandragora)|Soldier]] - [[Pat Gorman]]
* [[Guard 1 (The Masque of Mandragora)|Guard]] - [[James Appleby]]
* [[Guard 2 (The Masque of Mandragora)|Guard]] - [[John Clamp]]
* [[Pikeman (The Masque of Mandragora)|Pikeman]] - [[Peter Walshe]]
* [[Giovanni (The Masque of Mandragora)|Pikeman]] - [[Jay Neill]]
* Titan Voice - [[Peter Tuddenham]]
* [[Dancers (The Masque of Mandragora)|Dancers]] - [[Peggy Dixon]], [[Jack Edwards]], [[Alistair Fullarton]], [[Michael Reid]], [[Kathy Wolff]]
* [[Entertainer (The Masque of Mandragora)|Entertainer]] - [[Stuart Fell]]


[[Image:DocGetsBreastplate.jpg|thumb|left|The Doctor gets fitted for the final confrontation with Hieronymous]]
== Crew ==
* [[Costumes]] - [[James Acheson]]
* [[Designer (crew)|Designer]] - [[Barry Newbury]]
* [[Film Cameraman]] - [[John Baker (cameraman)|John Baker]]
* [[Film Editor]] - [[Clare Douglas]]
* [[Film sound|Film Sound]] - [[Hugh Cleverley]]
* [[Incidental Music]] - [[Dudley Simpson]]
* [[Make-Up]] - [[Jan Harrison]]
* [[Producer]] - [[Philip Hinchcliffe]]
* [[Production Assistant]] - [[Thea Murray]]
* [[Production Unit Manager]] - [[Chris D'Oyly-John]]
* [[Script Editor]] - [[Robert Holmes]]
* [[Special Sounds]] - [[Dick Mills]]
* [[Studio Lighting]] - [[Dennis Channon]]
* [[Studio Sound]] - [[Colin Dixon]]
* [[Theme Arrangement]] - [[Delia Derbyshire]]
* [[Doctor Who theme|Title Music]] - [[Ron Grainer]]
* [[Visual Effects]] - [[Ian Scoones]]


In the dungeons, Federico accuses the prisoners of being followers of Demnos. Rossini rushes in, informing the Count that members of the Brethren are gathering on the streets and moving towards the temple. The Doctor tries to convince Federico that Hieronymous is the real threat. Federico wants to see for himself, and takes the Doctor with him and some guards, leaving the others as hostages. In the temple, Hieronymous summons the Helix, which begins infusing him and his followers with power. Disguised in hoods, the Doctor, Federico and the guards enter and witness the ceremony. Federico steps forward, calls Hieronymous a traitor, and rips off the golden mask, only to reveal glowing energy in the place of a face. Hieronymous raises a finger, and electrical energy stabs out at the Count, reducing him to ashes.
=== Uncredited crew ===
* [[Back projection|Back Projection]] - [[John Hickman]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Production secretary|Production Secretary]] - [[Ann Rickard]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Film ops manager|Film Ops Manager]] - [[Ian Brindle]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Visual effects assistant|Effects Assistant]] - [[Ken Bomphrey]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Inlay operator|Inlay Operator]] - [[Dave Chapman]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Technical manager|Technical Manager]] - [[Henry Barber]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Vision Mixer]] - [[Graham Giles]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Film sound assistant|Film Sound Assistant]] - [[Terry Elms]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Make-up assistant|Make-Up Assistants]] - [[Carolyn Buisuinne]], [[Hadsera Coovadia]], [[Suzanne Jansen]], [[Vivian Riley]], [[Christine Wheeler]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Design assistant|Design Assistants]] - [[Les McCallum]], [[John Neild]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Facilties bookings|Facilties Bookings]] - [[Jennie Betts]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Grams operator|Grams Operator]] - [[Don Slater]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Floor assistant|Floor Assistant]] - [[James Burge|Jim Burge]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Armourer]]s - [[Alf Trustum]], [[Jack Wells]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Design draughtswoman|Design Draughtswomen]] - [[Grace Bryan-Brown]], [[Sheelagh Lawson|Shelagh Lawson]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Artists' booking|Artists' Booking]] - [[Nansi Davies]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Director's assistant|Director's Assistant]] - [[Hazel Marriott]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Assistant Floor Manager]] - [[Linda Graeme]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Post-production grams|Post-Production Grams]] - [[Gordon Phillipson]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Senior cameraman|Senior Cameramen]] - [[Peter Granger|Peter Grainger]], [[Dave White]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Costume dresser|Dressers]] - [[Mervin Bezar]], [[Michael Purcell]], [[Tessa Spendlove]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')
* [[Props Buyer]]s - [[Roger Wood]], [[Val Woodford]] ([[INFO]]: ''The Masque of Mandragora'')


Hieronymous then fires at and kills the two guards as well, but fortunately does not seem to have seen the Doctor. The Doctor joins the circle around the Helix as Hieronymous announces that Mandragora will swallow the Moon the next evening and then the Brethren will strike. The Doctor slips away unnoticed. Back in the palace dungeons, Rossini is about to kill the prisoners when the Doctor arrives and reveals that Federico is dead. With that, the guards change their allegiance to Giuliano, and take Rossini into custody. The Doctor observes that the Brethren are still a danger. He tells Giuliano to fortify the palace in preparation for their attack.
== Worldbuilding ==
=== The Doctor ===
* The Doctor was given pointers in swordsmanship from a captain in [[Cleopatra]]'s bodyguard.
* While staunching the bleeding from Giuliano's wound, the Doctor makes reference to [[Florence Nightingale]].
* The astrologer has a [[telescope]], and the Doctor doesn't like it very much, stating, "a pity, in another fifty years we could've used [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]]'s."


In the meantime, the Brethren are driving people out of the city, killing those who refuse with bolts of fire, isolating the palace. Giuliano wants to cancel the masque that will celebrate his accession, but Marco is confident they can defend the palace against the Brethren, and that to cancel the masque would be a sign of weakness. The Doctor does some astronomical observations and calculates there will be a lunar eclipse that evening — Mandragora swallowing the Moon — and when the Helix takes over, it will remove all sense of purpose from mankind. Right now, however, the Helix energy is spread thinly over all the Brethren, and it could be exhausted. He asks Giuliano for a breastplate and a length of wire. Wearing the breastplate under his coat, if he has guessed right about the nature of Helix energy, he could drain it off.
=== Languages ===
* At one point Sarah questions why she can understand [[15th century]] [[Italy|Italian]].


Hieronymous knows of a secret way into the palace, and he intends to infiltrate his men under cover of the masque. The Doctor makes his way into the temple, and grounds the altar with wire. Hieronymous addresses the Doctor as "Time Lord", and says that Earth has to be possessed; if mankind's ambition is not checked, it will eventually spread into the Galaxy and the powers of Mandragora will not allow a rival within their domain. Hieronymous fires a bolt of energy into the Doctor's chest, knocking him back painfully, but the Doctor survives. More bolts fire into the Doctor, but he continues to egg Hieronymous on.
=== TARDIS ===
[[Image:FourthSarahCiaoSanMartino.jpg|thumb|right|Sarah and the Doctor say goodbye to San Martino]]
* The TARDIS has what appears to be a large beautiful living room, which the Doctor says is actually the [[TARDIS boot cupboard|boot cupboard]]; there is a solitary pair of boots standing in the middle of the room. The Doctor says he has seen bigger boot cupboards.
At the masque, the Brethren make their appearance, and the masqueraders run about in panic as they fire into the crowd, killing two. Hieronymous then appears and tells the Brethren to take the others down into the temple for the final sacrifice. The Moon goes into eclipse, and the Brethren place their hands on the altar as a ball of Helix energy descends. However, it consumes the Brethren instead, expanding and then fading away. "Hieronymous" removes his mask — it was the Doctor, imitating the cult leader's voice. The Doctor explains it as a case of "energy squared", putting the Mandragora Helix back where it came from.
* In addition to a shaving [[mirror]], the [[TARDIS control room#Secondary control room|secondary control room]] has a [[recorder]], a frilled [[shirt]] and a velvet [[jacket]] covered in dust.


The Doctor and Sarah make their goodbyes to Giuliano. Just before they leave in the TARDIS, Doctor tells Sarah that while Giuliano will not have any more trouble with Mandragora, humanity will. The constellation will be in position again in 500 years, at about the end of the 20th century…
=== Influences ===


==Cast==
* [[Philip Hinchcliffe]] was inspired to do a story set in Renaissance Italy by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Corman Roger Corman]'s 1964 film version of [[Edgar Allan Poe]]'s ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Masque_of_the_Red_Death_(1964_film) The Masque of the Red Death]''.
*[[Fourth Doctor|The Doctor]] - [[Tom Baker]]
*[[Sarah Jane Smith]] - [[Elisabeth Sladen]]
*Count [[Federico]] - [[John Laurimore]]
*[[Hieronymous]] - [[Norman Jones]]
*Captain [[Rossini (Masque of Mandragora)|Rossini]] - [[Antony Carrick]]
*[[Giuliano]] - [[Gareth Armstrong]]
*[[Marco]] - [[Tim Piggott-Smith]]
*[[High Priest (The Masque of Mandragora)|High Priest]] - [[Robert James]]
*[[Brother]] - [[Brian Ellis]]
*[[Soldier (Masque of Mandragora)|Soldier]] - [[Pat Gorman]]
*Guards - [[James Appleby]], [[John Clamp]]
*Pikemen - [[Peter Walshe]], [[Jay Neill]]
*Titan Voice - [[Peter Tuddenham]]
*Dancers - [[Peggy Dixon]], [[Jack Edwards]], [[Alistair Fullarton]], [[Michael Reid]], [[Kathy Wolff]]
*Entertainer - [[Stuart Fell]]


==Crew==
== Story notes ==
*[[Assistant Floor Manager]] - [[Linda Graeme]]
* Working titles for this story included ''Catacombs of Death'', ''Doom of Destiny'', ''Secret of the Labryinth'' and ''The Curse of Mandragora''.
*[[Costumes]] - [[James Acheson]]
* This was the last story to be written by [[Louis Marks]].
*[[Designer]] - [[Barry Newbury]]
* [[Elisabeth Sladen]] is credited as "Sarah Jane" in ''[[Radio Times]]''.
*[[Film Cameraman]] - [[John Baker (cameraman)|John Baker]]
* The surname of [[Jay Neill]] (Pikeman) is misspelled as "Neil" in ''Radio Times'' for part two.
*[[Film Editor]] - [[Clare Douglas]]
* The title of the story is given in ''Radio Times'' as ''Masque of Mandragora'' (without "The") for all four episodes.
*[[Incidental Music]] - [[Dudley Simpson]]
* A full-page article entitled ''Dr. Who's Renaissance'' was published in ''Radio Times'' (cover dated 4-10 September 1976) to tie-in with the start of Season 14, featuring Philip Hinchcliffe talking about both ''Doctor Who'' and the opening story of the new season. The article was accompanied by a large black-and-white artwork illustration of the Doctor's head, with his scarf arranged above in the shape of a [[question mark]], with the accompanying caption "Who, what and where? The doctor comes back down to earth in Italy". ''(original published text)''
*[[Make-Up]] - [[Jan Harrison]]
* The ''[[Radio Times]]'' programme listing for part one was accompanied by a black-and-white artwork illustration by Roy Ellsworth, depicting Hieronymous in his hooded robe and golden mask, swirling Mandragora energy, the Doctor and the masked axe-wielding figure of the executioner, with the accompanying caption " 'Mandragora energy! Get down! Quick!' It's the start of a new ''Dr. Who'' adventure, and the Doctor (Tom Baker) finds himself involved in more strange happenings, this time in 15th-century Italy. Part 1: 6.10 p.m." ''(original published text)''
*[[Producer]] - [[Philip Hinchcliffe]]
* With the start of the new season, [[Peter Brachacki]]'s police box as introduced in 1963 was finally retired — having made its last on-screen appearance in ''[[The Seeds of Doom (TV story)|The Seeds of Doom]]'' part six. Accounts vary as to whether this was a stylistic choice or because the roof of the prop collapsed while [[Tom Baker]] and [[Elisabeth Sladen]] were inside. The new police box was designed by [[Barry Newbery]].
*[[Production Assistant]] - [[Thea Murray]]
* This serial also marks the first appearance of the TARDIS's secondary console room, designed by [[Barry Newbery]], which continued to be used until the end of this season, making its final appearance in ''[[The Robots of Death (TV story)|The Robots of Death]]''. New producer [[Graham Williams]] was not very fond of the wooden set; therefore the original, futuristic interior was restored. Several elements from the secondary console room were reused, namely the columns and the monitor screen. The walls also appear painted white on some future serials on the door leading to the rest of the TARDIS (''[[The Invisible Enemy (TV story)|The Invisible Enemy]]'', ''[[Full Circle (TV story)|Full Circle]]'', ''[[Logopolis (TV story)|Logopolis]]'' et al.).
*[[Production Unit Manager]] - [[Chris D'Oyly-John]]
* [[Elisabeth Sladen]] stayed contracted to ''[[Doctor Who]]'' for an additional seven months just because she had heard about this upcoming serial and wanted to make it. Without this serial, she would have left in [[Season 13 (Doctor Who 1963)|season 13]]. ([[INFO]]: ''[[The Seeds of Doom (TV story)|The Seeds of Doom]]'')
*[[Script Editor]] - [[Robert Holmes]]
* The bold font on the opening titles and ending titles changes to a more serif like style on this story. This would last until ''[[The Horns of Nimon (TV story)|The Horns of Nimon]]'' where the whole title sequence is phased out.
*[[Special Sounds]] - [[Dick Mills]]
* [[Louis Marks]] had specialised in Renaissance Italy while completing his doctorate at university.
*[[Studio Lighting]] - [[Dennis Channon]]
* The Mandragora Helix was named after [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli]'s 1518 comedy ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mandrake La Mandragola]'' (literally, “The Mandrake”), while Hieronymous was a Latinate variant of the first name of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola Girolamo Savonarola], a doomsday prophet who briefly rose to power in Florence from 1494 to 1498. Giuliano and Federico were probably named after [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuliano_de%27_Medici Giuliano de Medici] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federico_da_Montefeltro Federico da Montefeltro], two real political figures of the time, while Captain Rossini and Scarlatti recall the Italian composers [[Gioachino Rossini|Gioacchino Rossini]] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alessandro_Scarlatti Alessandro Scarlatti].
*[[Studio Sound]] - [[Colin Dixon]]
* [[Philip Hinchcliffe]] suggested Portmeirion, having visited the place when he was a tourist guide in the 1960s. [[Rodney Bennett]] hoped this would be the first serial to be filmed overseas.
*[[Theme Arrangement]] - [[Delia Derbyshire]]
* [[Robert Holmes]] initially wasn't sold on the story due to his dislike of historical stories.
*[[Title Music]] - [[Ron Grainer]]
* Set designer [[Barry Newbery]] drew inspiration from artwork of the period, especially Carpaccio.
*[[Visual Effects]] - [[Ian Scoones]]
* [[Rodney Bennett]] saw the story as an opportunity to do [[Robin Hood]].
* Sir [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clough_Williams-Ellis Clough Williams-Ellis], then ninety-two years old, attended parts of the location filming. He was very impressed with the ruins [[Barry Newbery]] had designed and asked that they be left in place; however, their polystyrene construction meant that they would simply blow away in a strong breeze or quickly deteriorate.
* The Mandragora energy was originally supposed to be invisible. Instead, a recording of an industrial sparkler would be superimposed over the relevant footage.
* The Mandragora Helix was described in the script as the Titan Hall.
* [[John Laurimore]] replaced [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Swift_(actor) David Swift] as Count Federico.


==References==
=== Ratings ===
*[[The Doctor's TARDIS#Secondary control room|Secondary control room]] has within it a shaving mirror, a [[recorder]], a wooden chair, and the [[Third Doctor]]'s smoking jacket.
* Part one - 8.3 million viewers
*The [[Mandragora Helix]] appears to be aware of the [[Time Lord]]s and has previously been in contact with humans.
* Part two - 9.8 million viewers
*At one point Sarah questions why she can understand 15th-century Italian. The Doctor doesn't explain, saying only that this is "a Time Lord gift I allow you to share" – and he realises that she has been hypnotised since she has been taken to a number of extraordinary places but has never thought to ask before.
* Part three - 9.2 million viewers
*The Doctor looks forward to meeting [[Leonardo da Vinci]], implying that he either had not met him previously or is eager to meet up with him again.
* Part four - 10.6 million viewers
*The Doctor was given pointers in swordsmanship from a Captain in [[Cleopatra]]'s bodyguard.
*While staunching the bleeding from Giuliano's wound, the Doctor makes reference to [[Florence Nightingale]].


==Story Notes==
=== Myths ===
*This story had working titles of; '''Catacombs Of Death''', '''Doom Of Destiny''', ''''Secret Of The Labyrinth''', '''The Curse Of Mandragora'''.
* Many of the period costumes seen in this story were first used in {{w|Franco Zeffirelli}}'s {{w|Romeo and Juliet (1968 film)|1968 feature film production}} of ''[[Romeo and Juliet]]''. ''(Only one costume in the story comes from Zeffirelli's film: Captain Rossini's red and white tabard, which was worn by {{w|Robert Stephens}} as the Prince. Many of the other costumes were used in {{w|Renato Castellani}}<nowiki>'s </nowiki>{{w|Romeo and Juliet (1954 film)|1954 feature film production}} of ''Romeo and Juliet''.)''<ref>Production notes, ''The Masque of Mandragora'' DVD</ref>
*With the start of the new season, the previous police box exterior was replaced, as the old one had deteriorated due to wear and tear. A new serif font is introduced for the episode titles as well.  
* [[Tom Baker]] fluffs a line at one point during part four, in which he calls Elisabeth Sladen "Lis" instead of "Sarah" — i.e. "It isn't nonsense, Lis." ''(Baker delivers the line correctly, which is actually "It isn't nonsense, Miss." This is confirmed by the English HoH subtitles on the DVD release.)''


*This serial also marks the first appearance of the TARDIS's secondary console room, designed by [[Barry Newbery]], which continued to be used until the end of this season, making its final appearance in ''[[The Robots of Death]]''. Depending on the account of information, either the set warped in storage between seasons, thereby becoming unusable, or new producer [[Graham Williams]] was not very fond of the wooden set; therefore the original, futuristic interior was restored.
=== Filming locations ===
* {{w|Portmeirion|Portmerion}}, Penrhyndeudraeth, Gwynedd, [[Wales]]
: ''Portmeirion is best known as the filming location for the cult ITC offbeat action/adventure TV series {{wi|The Prisoner}} (1967–68). The Village was later used to film a scene in ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]''.''
* [[BBC Television Centre]] (TC4A, TC3), Shepherd's Bush, [[London]]


===Ratings===
=== Production errors ===
*Part 1 - 8.3 million viewers
''to be added''
*Part 2 - 9.8 million viewers
*Part 3 - 9.2 million viewers
*Part 4 - 10.6 million viewers


===Myths===
== Continuity ==
*Many of the period costumes seen in this story were first used in Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 feature film production of Romeo and Juliet. ''(They were first used in Renato Castellani's 1954 feature film production of Romeo and Juliet.)''
{{discontinuity}}
* Sarah wonders to the Doctor why she can understand Italian. He says that it is a [[Translation circuit|"Time Lord gift"]] that he allows her to share. In [[TV]]: ''[[The End of the World (TV story)|The End of the World]]'', [[Rose Tyler|Rose]] asks the [[Ninth Doctor]] a similar question and he says it is a function of the TARDIS's telepathic field, altering her perception. In ''[[The Christmas Invasion (TV story)|The Christmas Invasion]]'', it is revealed that the Doctor is "part of the circuit" of the TARDIS's telepathic translation abilities; it does not function while he is in a post-regenerative coma. [[TV]]: ''[[Planet of the Dead (TV story)|Planet of the Dead]]'' seems to imply that the Doctor himself does not need the TARDIS for its translational abilities. This amplifies ''Masque''{{'}}s point that a companion's ability to understand other languages is indeed a gift of the Doctor and the TARDIS merely offers the technology to express that gift.
* The [[Mandragora Helix]] reappears in [[COMIC]]: ''[[The Mark of Mandragora (comic story)|The Mark of Mandragora]]'', a sequel to the TV story and set in the 1990s.
* In the second of the [[Sarah Jane Smith (audio series)|''Sarah Jane Smith'' audio series]] it is revealed that after his encounter with the Doctor and Sarah, [[Giuliano]] took charge of the [[Brotherhood of Demnos]] and reformed them into a group called the "[[Orbus Postramo]]". The consequences of this action come to bear in [[AUDIO]]: ''[[Dreamland (audio story)|Dreamland]]''.
* By the time of [[TV]]: ''[[City of Death (TV story)|City of Death]]'', the Doctor has already met [[Leonardo da Vinci]].
* During his [[First Doctor|first incarnation]], the Doctor had encountered the Mandragora Helix in [[China]] in [[1865]] in the company of [[Ian Chesterton]], [[Barbara Wright]] and [[Vicki Pallister]] but never learned what the [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] based helix called itself. On that occasion, the Helix referred to the fact that the Doctor had defeated it 400 years earlier. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Eleventh Tiger (novel)|The Eleventh Tiger]]'')
* The Doctor meets Mandragora again in [[PROSE]]: ''[[Beautiful Chaos (novel)|Beautiful Chaos]]''.


===Filming Locations===
== Comic strip adaptation ==
*[[wikipedia:Portmeirion|Portmerion]], Penrhyndeudraeth, Gwynedd, [[Wales]]
* The opening scenes of part one were adapted as a one-page comic strip in [[DWM 161|''Doctor Who Magazine'' #161]], published in June 1990, as part of a larger article on the production of the story.
: ''Portmeirion is best known as the filming location for the classic 1960s TV series, ''[[Wikipedia:The Prisoner|The Prisoner]].
*[[BBC Television Centre]] (TC4A, TC3), Shepherd's Bush, [[London]]


===Discontinuity, Plot Holes, Errors===
== Home video and audio releases ==
*The astrologer has a telescope, and the Doctor doesn't like it very much; "A pity, in another fifty years we could've used Galileo's". Galileo was however one of the first to use a telescope and use it for astronomical observations. The telescope is therefore an anachronism. ''(Galileo was indeed one of the first known to use a telescope, and the Doctor's line about him confirms that this was not a mere oversight by the writer. It's quite conceivable that others had made telescopes before Galileo without it being recorded in history.)''
=== DVD releases ===
*The Doctor concluding that Sarah Jane is under an alien influence simply because she is curious about how she can speak Italian seems a little unjustified. ''The Doctor senses a disruption in the low-level telepathic field that unites him and Sarah through the TARDIS, allowing him to share his 'Time Lord gift' of understanding every language with her, and her asking that question is merely a final confirmation of his concern.''
This story was first released on DVD in the [[UK]] on [[8 February (releases)|8 February]] [[2010 (releases)|2010]]. The one disc set includes a [http://www.purpleville.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/rtwebsite.htm restored version] of the story, as well as the following special features:
*In declaring his "revolutionary" belief in a spherical Earth, Giuliano is actually voicing a well-accepted belief for his time and place. Dante, writing in the previous century (in the ''Inferno'' and ''Purgatorio''), had described the Earth as a sphere, and that had been the prevailing theory since Classical times (cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_earth).
* Commentary by [[Tom Baker]] ([[Fourth Doctor|The Doctor]]), [[Gareth Armstrong]] ([[Giuliano]]), [[Philip Hinchcliffe]] (Producer) and [[Chris D'Oyly-John]] (Production Unit Manager)
* ''[[The Secret of the Labyrinth (documentary)|The Secret Of The Labyrinth]]'' - Cast and crew look back at the making of ''The Masque of Mandragora''
* ''[[Bigger on the Inside (documentary)|Bigger On The Inside]]'' - The history of [[The Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]]
* ''[[Now & Then: The Locations of The Masque of Mandragora (documentary)|Now And Then]]'' - A return visit to the locations used for ''The Masque of Mandragora''
* ''[[Beneath the Masque of "The Mask of Mandragora" (documentary)|Beneath The Masque]]'' - [[Gareth Roberts]] and [[Clayton Hickman]] take ''the Masque'' to task
* ''[[Radio Times]]'' Billings (PDF DVD-ROM - PC/Mac)
* Trails And Continuity
* Production Information Subtitles
* Photo Gallery
* Coming Soon Trailer - ''[[The Space Museum (TV story)|The Space Museum]]'' & ''[[The Chase (TV story)|The Chase]]''


==Continuity==
Editing for the DVD release was completed by the [[Doctor Who Restoration Team]].
*Sarah wonders to the Doctor why she can understand Italian. He says that it is a "Time Lord gift" that he allows her to share.  In [[DW]]: ''[[The End of the World]]'', [[Rose Tyler|Rose]] asks the [[Ninth Doctor]] a similar question and he says it is a function of the TARDIS' telepathic field, altering her perception. In ''[[The Christmas Invasion]]'', it is revealed that the Doctor is "part of the circuit" of the TARDIS's telepathic translation abilities, and so it does not function while he is in a post-regenerative coma.  [[DW]]: ''[[Planet of the Dead (TV story)|Planet of the Dead]]'' seems to imply that the Doctor himself does not need the TARDIS for its translational abilities.  This amplifies ''Masque''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s point that a companion's ability to understand other languages is indeed a gift of the Doctor, and the TARDIS merely offers the technology to express that gift. 
*The [[Mandragora Helix]] appears in [[DWM]]: ''[[The Mark of Mandragora]]''.
*[[PDA]]: ''[[The Eleventh Tiger]]'' features an energy helix that is strongly implied to be the same one featured in this story.
*In the second of the [[Sarah Jane Smith (audio series)|''Sarah Jane Smith'' audio series]] it is revealed that after his encounter with the Doctor and Sarah, [[Giuliano]] took charge of the [[Brotherhood of Demnos]] and reformed them into a group called the "[[Orphans of the Future]]".  The consequences of this action come to bear in ''[[Dreamland]]''.
*By the time of [[DW]]: ''[[City of Death]]'', the Doctor has already met Leonardo da Vinci.


==DVD and Video Releases==
<gallery position="center" captionalign="center" hideaddbutton="true">
*This story was released on VHS in August of 1991.
File:Bbcdvd-themasqueofmandragora.jpg|DVD Region 2 UK cover
*It was released on DVD on [[8th February]] [[2010]] in [[Region 2]] and on [[4th May]] [[2010]] in [[Region 1]].  The DVD contained a commentary with [[Tom Baker]], [[Philip Hinchcliffe]], [[Gareth Armstrong]] and [[Chris D'Oyly-John]].  It also had a making-of featurette entitled, ''[[The Secret of the Labyrinth]]'', a history of the TARDIS called ''[[Bigger on the Inside]]'', a critique with [[Clayton Hickman]] and [[Gareth Roberts]] called ''[[Beneath the Masque]]'', and a ''Now and Then'' featurette on the filming location of [[Portmerion]], [[Wales]].
File:The Masque of Mandragora DVD Australian cover.jpg|DVD Region 4 Australian cover
==Novelisation==
File:The Masque of Mandragora DVD US cover.jpg|DVD Region 1 US cover
[[Image:Masque of Mandragora novel.jpg|right|75px]]
</gallery>
: ''Main article: [[Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora]]''


Novelised as ''[[Doctor Who and the Masque of Mandragora]]'' by Philip Hinchcliffe in December 1977. A French translation of it was published in 1987.
=== Video releases ===
* This story was released on VHS in August of 1991.
<gallery position="center" captionalign="center" hideaddbutton="true">
File:The Masque of Mandragora VHS UK cover.jpg|VHS UK cover by [[Alister Pearson]]
File:The Masque of Mandragora VHS Australian cover.jpg|VHS Australian cover
File:The Masque of Mandragora VHS US cover.jpg|VHS US cover
</gallery>


==External Links==
== Footnotes ==
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/doctorwho/classic/episodeguide/masquemandragora/ BBC Episode Guide to '''The Masque of Mandragora''']
{{reflist}}
* [http://www.drwhoguide.com/who_4m.htm Doctor Who Reference Guide: Detailed Synopsis - '''The Masque of Mandragora''']
== External links ==
* [http://www.shannonsullivan.com/drwho/serials/4m.html A Brief History of Time (Travel) Guide to '''The Masque of Mandragora''']
* {{bbcepguideclassic|masquemandragora/|The Masque of Mandragora}}
*[http://www.doctorwholocations.net/stories/masqueofmandragora The Locations Guide to Doctor Who - '''The Masque of Mandragora''']
* {{radiotimes|2010-08-13/the-masque-of-mandragora|The Masque of Mandragora}}
{{dwcast}}
{{dwrefguide|who_4m.htm|The Masque of Mandragora}}
* {{briefhistory|serials/4m.html|The Masque of Mandragora}}
* {{locguide|masqueofmandragora|The Masque of Mandragora}}
{{DWTV}}
{{TitleSort}}
[[de:The Masque of Mandragora]]
[[es:The Masque of Mandragora]]
[[fr:The Masque of Mandragora (TV)]]
[[ru:Маскарад Мандрагоры]]


{{season 14}}
[[Category:Doctor Who (1963) television stories]]
[[Category:Fourth Doctor episodes|Masque of Mandragora, The]]
[[Category:Sarah Jane Smith television stories]]
[[Category:Sarah Jane Smith episodes|Masque of Mandragora, The]]
[[Category:1976 television stories]]
[[Category:1976 television stories|Masque of Mandragora, The]]
[[Category:Stories set in Italy]]
[[Category:Stories set in Italy|Masque of Mandragora, The]]
[[Category:Stories set in 1492]]
[[Category:Stories set in 1492|Masque of Mandragora, The]]
[[Category:Season 14 stories]]
[[Category:Pseudohistorical serials]]
[[Category:Four part serials]]
[[Category:Mandragora Helix sources]]

Latest revision as of 20:06, 3 November 2024

RealWorld.png

The Masque of Mandragora was the first serial of season 14 of Doctor Who. It was notable for being the first historical or pseudo-historical story since The Gunfighters not to be principally set in Great Britain (although The Abominable Snowmen, retroactively established as having a historical setting, took place in Tibet).

It also introduced the first radical redesign of the TARDIS control room and offered the first explanation of how both the Doctor and his companions were able to understand and communicate in languages other than English.

Synopsis[[edit] | [edit source]]

An encounter with the living energy structure known as the Mandragora Helix leads the TARDIS to 15th century Italy. Between palace intrigue, the machinations of a sinister cult and a rogue fragment of Helix energy, the Fourth Doctor and Sarah have their hands full. There is not much time, for when Mandragora swallows the Moon, it will be time to strike.

Plot[[edit] | [edit source]]

Part one[[edit] | [edit source]]

The Fourth Doctor shows Sarah Jane some of the other parts of the TARDIS interior that she's unfamiliar with. They come across the older console room which, unlike the primary room, is decorated with wood-panelling and has a more archaic feel. Activating the viewscreen, the Doctor sees a swirl of living energy in the time vortex — the Mandragora Helix — which starts to draw them in. The intelligence within the Helix starts to psychically attack them as the Doctor tries to pilot the TARDIS through it. The ship ends up inside the Helix itself. The Doctor and Sarah go outside but have to duck behind the TARDIS as a fragment of glowing Helix energy flies by. They escape in the TARDIS, not knowing that the fragment has entered with them.

The Mandragora energy exits the TARDIS in San Martino.

In 15th century San Martino, Italy, a peasant revolt is violently put down by Count Federico and his men, led by Captain Rossini. In a palace, Federico's brother, the Duke of San Martino, lies dying. He is attended by his son Giuliano and Giuliano's companion, Marco. The Duke's death had been foretold by Hieronymous, the court astrologer. Giuliano, a man of science, does not believe in such superstition. In fact, Hieronymous is working for Federico, and the horoscope's prediction of the Duke's death was helped along by poison. Hieronymous tells the Count that he feels his powers are growing, but all Federico wants is for the astrologer to foretell Giuliano's death next, and he will take care of the rest.

The TARDIS materialises in a field near San Martino. The Doctor and Sarah go out to explore. Unseen, the energy fragment flies out of the TARDIS as well. Sarah wanders off to look at some orange trees and is kidnapped by a group of men in hooded robes. The Doctor tries to rescue her, but he is knocked unconscious. When he awakes, he witnesses the energy fragment fly towards and kill a peasant. Searching for Sarah, the Doctor is confronted by the Count's men and after being chased, he is arrested.

At the court, the Doctor tries to tell Federico that the energy fragment could spell the end of the world. The Count at first thinks the Doctor is a seer, like Hieronymous. When the astrologer quizzes the Doctor, it becomes clear that the Doctor does not believe in any of it. Federico orders the Doctor to be executed as a spy. Meanwhile, Sarah is brought before a priest. He tells her that she is the foretold sacrifice to Demnos, the Roman god of moonlight and solstice. She is dressed in a white robe and told that she will be sacrificed when the moon rises over the southern obelisk. Back at the palace courtyard, the Doctor is led to the executioner and forced to his knees for decapitation.

Part two[[edit] | [edit source]]

Before the executioner's sword lands, the Doctor unfurls his scarf and hooks it around the executioner's ankle, throwing him off balance. The Doctor escapes out of the palace grounds and finds his way into some catacombs beneath the city. The guards, fearing the Brethren of Demnos who reside in those passages, stop their pursuit. Inside, Sarah is laid out on an altar. A purple-robed figure wearing a golden mask is about to stab her with a silver dagger when the Doctor snatches Sarah away. The fragment appears in the chamber, suffusing it with a red glow and providing a distraction for the two to escape.

Giuliano examines the body of a guard that was killed earlier by the passage of the fragment, and while he does not know the cause of the guard's death, he dismisses ideas that it was some kind of fire demon. The Doctor and Sarah are found by some palace guards. In the temple, the Helix manifests itself as a pillar of red light and tells the purple-robed figure that he alone will be given undreamed-of powers to carry out its will on Earth and become the planet's supreme ruler. After the Helix vanishes, the figure removes the golden mask, revealing the face of Hieronymous.

The Fourth Doctor explains Mandragora energy to Sarah.

The guards bring the Doctor and Sarah, not to Federico, but to Giuliano, who shows him the dead guard's body and tells the Doctor of fears that if Federico rules San Martino, all knowledge and learning will be suppressed. Elsewhere, Federico discovers that Giuliano has invited several nobles to San Martino to celebrate his succession to the Dukedom. Angered, Federico demands Hieronymous make up a new horoscope and poison Giuliano before the next evening.

The Doctor deduces that the Helix chose San Martino because the Brethren provided a ready-made power base. The 15th century was the transition between the Dark Ages and the dawn of the Renaissance — the Helix could gain control of the Earth now through a new religion. The Doctor tells Giuliano the temple must be destroyed. They go to the temple, and the Doctor enters the catacombs alone, but as he enters the main chamber the Helix attacks him psychically. Rossini informs Federico of Giuliano's trip to the temple, and the Count decides to take his guards to the temple to kill his "pagan" nephew. The guards corner Giuliano with their swords. Sarah runs into the catacombs calling for the Doctor, but she is caught by the Brethren.

Part three[[edit] | [edit source]]

Sarah helps the Doctor with some basic arithmetic.

The Helix attack stops, but the Doctor is prevented from venturing further into the temple. He leaves to find Giuliano fighting off the guards and joins in with a sword of his own. Giuliano is wounded, and suddenly, the Brethren emerge from the forest armed with staves and force the guards to retreat. The Doctor and Giuliano go into the catacombs.

Sarah is held captive by the Brethren, as the priest and Heironymous talk. The priest is eager to sacrifice Sarah, but Hieronymous decides to use her as bait for the Doctor. Hieronymous allowed the Brethren to save Giuliano because the young prince may still have value. Bound and gagged, Sarah is brought to the astrologer's chambers, where she is drugged and hypnotised to believe the Doctor is an evil sorcerer. Hieronymous gives her a poisoned needle to kill the Doctor.

At the palace, the invited nobles begin to arrive, and Federico realises he does not have much time to eliminate Giuliano, but Rossini is unable to find Giuliano in San Martino. Hieronymous warns Federico that his life is in danger. Federico scoffs, believing Hieronymous to be a fraud, but he is suspicious enough to tell Rossini to banish Hieronymous from the city.

In the catacombs, Giuliano and the Doctor find Sarah, who cannot remember anything after her capture by the cult. They make their way into the palace dungeons through a secret passage. The Doctor goes to confront Hieronymous, whom he has deduced is the leader of the Brethren, in his rooms. Sarah secretly follows, trying to carry out her post-hypnotic orders. When the Doctor speaks to Hieronymous, Sarah sneaks up behind with the needle, but the Doctor snaps her out of the trance, just as the guards come for Hieronymous. The astrologer escapes, but the guards capture the Doctor and Sarah as well as Giuliano.

In the dungeons, Federico accuses the prisoners of being followers of Demnos. Rossini rushes in, informing the Count that members of the Brethren are gathering on the streets and moving towards the temple. The Doctor tries to convince Federico that Hieronymous is the real threat. Unnerved, Federico wants to see for himself and takes the Doctor with him and some guards, leaving the others as hostages. In the temple, Hieronymous summons the Helix, which begins infusing him and his followers with power. Disguised in hoods, the Doctor, Federico and the guards enter and witness the ceremony. Federico steps forward, calls Hieronymous a traitor, and rips off the golden mask, only to reveal glowing energy in the place of a face. Hieronymous raises a finger, and electrical energy stabs out at the horrified Count, reducing him to ashes.

Part four[[edit] | [edit source]]

Hieronymous then fires at and kills the two guards as well, but he does not seem to have seen the Doctor. The Doctor joins the circle around the Helix as Hieronymous announces that Mandragora will swallow the Moon the next evening and then the Brethren will strike. The Doctor slips away unnoticed. Back in the palace dungeons, Rossini is about to kill the prisoners when the Doctor arrives and reveals that Federico is dead. With that, the guards change their allegiance to Giuliano and take Rossini into custody. The Doctor observes that the Brethren are still a danger. He tells Giuliano to fortify the palace in preparation for their attack.

The Doctor gets fitted for the final confrontation with Hieronymous.

In the meantime, the Brethren are driving people out of the city, killing those who refuse with bolts of fire, isolating the palace. Giuliano wants to cancel the masque that will celebrate his accession, but Marco is confident they can defend the palace against the Brethren, and that to cancel the masque would be a sign of weakness. The Doctor does some astronomical observations and calculates there will be a lunar eclipse that evening — Mandragora swallowing the Moon — and when the Helix takes over, it will remove all sense of purpose from mankind. Right now, however, the Helix energy is spread thinly over all the Brethren, and it could be exhausted. He asks Giuliano for a breastplate and a length of wire. Wearing the breastplate under his coat, if he has guessed right about the nature of Helix energy, he could drain it off.

Hieronymous knows of a secret way into the palace, and he intends to infiltrate his men under cover of the masque. The Doctor makes his way into the temple and grounds the altar with wire. Hieronymous addresses the Doctor as "Time Lord", and says that Earth has to be possessed; if mankind's ambition is not checked, it will eventually spread into the galaxy and the powers of Mandragora will not allow a rival within their domain. Hieronymous fires a bolt of energy into the Doctor's chest, knocking him back painfully, but the Doctor survives. More bolts fire into the Doctor, but he continues to egg Hieronymous on, as the Brethren Leader begins to loses his strength...

Sarah and the Doctor say goodbye to San Martino.

At the masque, the Brethren make their appearance, with the guests running about in panic; they fire energy bolts into the crowd, killing a man and a woman. Hieronymous then appears and tells the Brethren to take the others down into the temple for the final sacrifice. The Moon goes into eclipse, and the Brethren place their hands on the altar as a ball of Helix energy descends. However, it consumes the Brethren instead, expanding and then fading away. "Hieronymous" removes his mask — revealing the Doctor, who was imitating the cult leader's voice. The Doctor explains it as a case of "energy squared", putting the Mandragora Helix back where it came from.

The Doctor and Sarah say their goodbyes to Giuliano. Just before they leave in the TARDIS, the Doctor tells Sarah that while Giuliano will not have any more trouble with Mandragora, humanity will. The constellation will be in position again in 500 years, at about the end of the 20th century...

Cast[[edit] | [edit source]]

Crew[[edit] | [edit source]]

Uncredited crew[[edit] | [edit source]]

Worldbuilding[[edit] | [edit source]]

The Doctor[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • The Doctor was given pointers in swordsmanship from a captain in Cleopatra's bodyguard.
  • While staunching the bleeding from Giuliano's wound, the Doctor makes reference to Florence Nightingale.
  • The astrologer has a telescope, and the Doctor doesn't like it very much, stating, "a pity, in another fifty years we could've used Galileo's."

Languages[[edit] | [edit source]]

TARDIS[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • The TARDIS has what appears to be a large beautiful living room, which the Doctor says is actually the boot cupboard; there is a solitary pair of boots standing in the middle of the room. The Doctor says he has seen bigger boot cupboards.
  • In addition to a shaving mirror, the secondary control room has a recorder, a frilled shirt and a velvet jacket covered in dust.

Influences[[edit] | [edit source]]

Story notes[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • Working titles for this story included Catacombs of Death, Doom of Destiny, Secret of the Labryinth and The Curse of Mandragora.
  • This was the last story to be written by Louis Marks.
  • Elisabeth Sladen is credited as "Sarah Jane" in Radio Times.
  • The surname of Jay Neill (Pikeman) is misspelled as "Neil" in Radio Times for part two.
  • The title of the story is given in Radio Times as Masque of Mandragora (without "The") for all four episodes.
  • A full-page article entitled Dr. Who's Renaissance was published in Radio Times (cover dated 4-10 September 1976) to tie-in with the start of Season 14, featuring Philip Hinchcliffe talking about both Doctor Who and the opening story of the new season. The article was accompanied by a large black-and-white artwork illustration of the Doctor's head, with his scarf arranged above in the shape of a question mark, with the accompanying caption "Who, what and where? The doctor comes back down to earth in Italy". (original published text)
  • The Radio Times programme listing for part one was accompanied by a black-and-white artwork illustration by Roy Ellsworth, depicting Hieronymous in his hooded robe and golden mask, swirling Mandragora energy, the Doctor and the masked axe-wielding figure of the executioner, with the accompanying caption " 'Mandragora energy! Get down! Quick!' It's the start of a new Dr. Who adventure, and the Doctor (Tom Baker) finds himself involved in more strange happenings, this time in 15th-century Italy. Part 1: 6.10 p.m." (original published text)
  • With the start of the new season, Peter Brachacki's police box as introduced in 1963 was finally retired — having made its last on-screen appearance in The Seeds of Doom part six. Accounts vary as to whether this was a stylistic choice or because the roof of the prop collapsed while Tom Baker and Elisabeth Sladen were inside. The new police box was designed by Barry Newbery.
  • This serial also marks the first appearance of the TARDIS's secondary console room, designed by Barry Newbery, which continued to be used until the end of this season, making its final appearance in The Robots of Death. New producer Graham Williams was not very fond of the wooden set; therefore the original, futuristic interior was restored. Several elements from the secondary console room were reused, namely the columns and the monitor screen. The walls also appear painted white on some future serials on the door leading to the rest of the TARDIS (The Invisible Enemy, Full Circle, Logopolis et al.).
  • Elisabeth Sladen stayed contracted to Doctor Who for an additional seven months just because she had heard about this upcoming serial and wanted to make it. Without this serial, she would have left in season 13. (INFO: The Seeds of Doom)
  • The bold font on the opening titles and ending titles changes to a more serif like style on this story. This would last until The Horns of Nimon where the whole title sequence is phased out.
  • Louis Marks had specialised in Renaissance Italy while completing his doctorate at university.
  • The Mandragora Helix was named after Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli's 1518 comedy La Mandragola (literally, “The Mandrake”), while Hieronymous was a Latinate variant of the first name of Girolamo Savonarola, a doomsday prophet who briefly rose to power in Florence from 1494 to 1498. Giuliano and Federico were probably named after Giuliano de Medici and Federico da Montefeltro, two real political figures of the time, while Captain Rossini and Scarlatti recall the Italian composers Gioacchino Rossini and Alessandro Scarlatti.
  • Philip Hinchcliffe suggested Portmeirion, having visited the place when he was a tourist guide in the 1960s. Rodney Bennett hoped this would be the first serial to be filmed overseas.
  • Robert Holmes initially wasn't sold on the story due to his dislike of historical stories.
  • Set designer Barry Newbery drew inspiration from artwork of the period, especially Carpaccio.
  • Rodney Bennett saw the story as an opportunity to do Robin Hood.
  • Sir Clough Williams-Ellis, then ninety-two years old, attended parts of the location filming. He was very impressed with the ruins Barry Newbery had designed and asked that they be left in place; however, their polystyrene construction meant that they would simply blow away in a strong breeze or quickly deteriorate.
  • The Mandragora energy was originally supposed to be invisible. Instead, a recording of an industrial sparkler would be superimposed over the relevant footage.
  • The Mandragora Helix was described in the script as the Titan Hall.
  • John Laurimore replaced David Swift as Count Federico.

Ratings[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • Part one - 8.3 million viewers
  • Part two - 9.8 million viewers
  • Part three - 9.2 million viewers
  • Part four - 10.6 million viewers

Myths[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • Many of the period costumes seen in this story were first used in Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 feature film production of Romeo and Juliet. (Only one costume in the story comes from Zeffirelli's film: Captain Rossini's red and white tabard, which was worn by Robert Stephens as the Prince. Many of the other costumes were used in Renato Castellani's 1954 feature film production of Romeo and Juliet.)[1]
  • Tom Baker fluffs a line at one point during part four, in which he calls Elisabeth Sladen "Lis" instead of "Sarah" — i.e. "It isn't nonsense, Lis." (Baker delivers the line correctly, which is actually "It isn't nonsense, Miss." This is confirmed by the English HoH subtitles on the DVD release.)

Filming locations[[edit] | [edit source]]

Portmeirion is best known as the filming location for the cult ITC offbeat action/adventure TV series The Prisoner (1967–68). The Village was later used to film a scene in The Five Doctors.

Production errors[[edit] | [edit source]]

to be added

Continuity[[edit] | [edit source]]

If you'd like to talk about narrative problems with this story — like plot holes and things that seem to contradict other stories — please go to this episode's discontinuity discussion.

Comic strip adaptation[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • The opening scenes of part one were adapted as a one-page comic strip in Doctor Who Magazine #161, published in June 1990, as part of a larger article on the production of the story.

Home video and audio releases[[edit] | [edit source]]

DVD releases[[edit] | [edit source]]

This story was first released on DVD in the UK on 8 February 2010. The one disc set includes a restored version of the story, as well as the following special features:

Editing for the DVD release was completed by the Doctor Who Restoration Team.

  • DVD Region 2 UK cover

    DVD Region 2 UK cover

  • DVD Region 4 Australian cover

    DVD Region 4 Australian cover

  • DVD Region 1 US cover

    DVD Region 1 US cover

Video releases[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • This story was released on VHS in August of 1991.

Footnotes[[edit] | [edit source]]

  1. ↑ Production notes, The Masque of Mandragora DVD

External links[[edit] | [edit source]]

v • e
Doctor Who television stories
 
Seasons 1-4: William Hartnell
Season 1: 1963-1964
Season 2: 1964-1965
Season 3: 1965-1966
Season 4: 1966
 
Seasons 4-6: Patrick Troughton
Season 4: 1966-1967
Season 5: 1967-1968
Season 6: 1968-1969
 
Seasons 7-11: Jon Pertwee
Season 7: 1970
Season 8: 1971
Season 9: 1972
Season 10: 1972-1973
Season 11: 1973-1974
 
Seasons 12-18: Tom Baker
Season 12: 1974-1975
Season 13: 1975-1976
Season 14: 1976-1977
Season 15: 1977-1978
Season 16: 1978-1979
Season 17: 1979-1980
Season 18: 1980-1981
 
Seasons 19-21: Peter Davison
Season 19: 1982
Season 20: 1983
Children in Need 1983
Season 21: 1984
 
Seasons 21-23: Colin Baker
Season 21: 1984
Season 22: 1985
Season 23: 1986
 
Seasons 24-26: Sylvester McCoy
Season 24: 1987
Season 25: 1988-1989
Season 26: 1989
 
TV Movie & 2013 specials: Paul McGann
TV Movie: 1996
Specials: 2013
Minisodes
 
Series 1: Christopher Eccleston
Series 1: 2005
Regular episodes
 
Series 2-4: David Tennant
Series 2: 2005-2006
Minisode
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
Series 3: 2006-2007
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
Animated special
Series 4: 2007-2010
Minisode
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
Minisodes
Animated special
Seasonal specials
 
Series 5-2013 specials: Matt Smith
Series 5: 2010
Regular episodes
Series 6: 2010-2011
Christmas Special
Minisodes
Regular episodes
(Part 1: Apr 2011)
Regular episodes
(Part 2: Aug 2011)
Minisode
Series 7: 2011-2013
Christmas Special
Minisodes
Regular episodes
(Part 1: 2012)
Minisode
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
(Part 2: 2013)
Specials: 2013
 
Series 8-10: Peter Capaldi
Series 8: 2014
Regular episodes
Series 9: 2014-2015
Christmas Special
Minisode
Regular episodes
Christmas Special
Series 10: 2016-2017
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
Christmas Special
 
Series 11-13: Jodie Whittaker
Series 11: 2018-2019
Regular episodes
New Year Special
Series 12: 2020-2021
Regular episodes
New Year Special
Series 13: 2021
Minisodes
Regular episodes
Seasonal specials
 
60th Anniversary Specials: David Tennant
Specials: 2023
Minisodes
60th Anniversary Specials
 
Season 1 (2023)-present: Ncuti Gatwa
Season 1: 2023-2024
Christmas Special
Regular episodes
Retrieved from "https://tardis.wiki/w/index.php?title=The_Masque_of_Mandragora_(TV_story)&oldid=3889706"