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Binomial nomenclature; also known as binomial designation, scientific name, or Latin name; was a system of naming organisms in which each species received a formal name of two terms. Subspecies were given a third term. (PROSE: The Pirate Loop)
At the gardens on the Scientifica colony, Adric saw each plant had a nameplate that included their common and scientific names. (PROSE: Cold Fusion)
Earth species
The I-Spyder Book of Earth Creatures included the binomial nomenclature for each listed species: (PROSE: The Last Dodo)
- Ankylosaurus (Ankylosaurus magniventris)
- Aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis)
- Chinese three-striped box turtle (Cuora trifasciata)
- Diplodocus (Diplodocus longus)
- Dodo (Raphus cucullatus)
- Dromaeosaurus (Dromaeosaurus albertensis)
- Eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli)
- Great Auk (Pinguinus impennis)
- Human (Homo sapiens sapiens) (PROSE: The Pirate Loop)
- Ilin Island cloudrunner (Crateromys paulus)
- Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus)
- Megalosaurus (Megalosaurus buckland)
- Mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)
- Paradise parrot (Psephotus pulcherrimus)
- Phorusrhacos (Phorusrhacos longissimus)
- Quagga (Equus quagga quagga)
- Sabre-toothed tiger (Smilodon fatalis)
- Steller's sea cow (Hydrodamalis gigas)
- Tasmanian tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus)
Others binomial names include:
- Black rat (Rattus rattus) (PROSE: All-Consuming Fire, Antidote to Oblivion)
- Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) (PROSE: All-Consuming Fire, Times Squared)
- Bubonic plague (Yersinia pestis) (COMIC: Black Death White Life, Antidote to Oblivion)
- Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Ark in Space)
- Cat (Felis silvestra catus or Felis catus) (PROSE: Outstanding Balance, Resurrection of the Daleks)
- Dog (Canis familiaris) (PROSE: Cat's Cradle: Witch Mark)
- Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna) (TV: The Sensorites)
- E. coli (PROSE: Deadfall)
- Earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris) (PROSE: Lucy Wilson & the Bledoe Cadets)
- Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) (PROSE: Artificial Intelligence)
- Homo erectus (PROSE: Beige Planet Mars, Sometime Never...)
- Homo habilis (PROSE: Genocide, The Taking of Planet 5, AUDIO: Interstitial)
- Lion (Felis leo) (PROSE: The Romans)
- Mimic octopus (Thaumoctopus mimicus) (PROSE: T.memeticus: A Morphology)
- Sumatran bamboo rat (Rhizomys sumatrensis) (PROSE: All-Consuming Fire)
- Tiger (Panthera tigris) (PROSE: The Year of Intelligent Tigers)
- Tyrannosaurus rex (TV: Invasion of the Dinosaurs, et al.)
- Western European badger (Meles meles meles) (PROSE: The Pirate Loop)
- Wolf (Canis lupus) (PROSE: Cat's Cradle: Witch Mark)
- Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) (AUDIO: The Emerald Tiger)
The Silurians were known as Homo reptilia (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Cave-Monsters, TV: The Hungry Earth) or Homo Reptilicus (PROSE: First Frontier) The Sea Devils, the "underwater cousins" of the Silurians, were also known as Homo reptilia. (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Sea-Devils) Alternatively, Petronella Osgood referred to both Silurians and Sea Devils as Reptilia sapiens. (AUDIO: Tidal Wave)
35 million years in Earth's future, the common mouse evolved into Mus musculus sapiens, the smartest creature on the planet. (PROSE: Omegamorphosis)
Gallifreyan species
The I-Spyder Book of Earth Creatures gave Time Lords the binomial nomenclature of Dominus temporis. (PROSE: The Last Dodo)
Madevinia aridosa was the name of a Gallifreyan flower. (PROSE: Cat's Cradle: Time's Crucible)
Other species
The Mecrim (Singropoda mecrimus) were a genetically engineered species used as weapons in the Human-Draconian War. (PROSE: The Menagerie)
The Dreamweaver was also known as Somnifax vehementi. (AUDIO: The Lovecraft Invasion)
An aspect of the Enemy was called Thaumoctopus memeticus. (PROSE: T.memeticus: A Morphology)
Blowfish were also known as Homoformatus piscis. (PROSE: The Baby Farmers)
Rusty looked like a giant squirrel and was given the "long Sci-latin name" of Para sciurus vulgaris. (PROSE: Shadowmind)
A stuffed Venusaurus erectus of Venus was an exibit at Mildeo Twisknadine's Museum of Things That Don't Exist. (PROSE: The Taking of Planet 5)