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'''Gallifreyan''' was a [[Gallifrey]]an language used by the [[Time Lord]]s. There were several forms of written Gallifreyan. By the time of [[the Doctor]], the archaic Old High Gallifreyan language used in the days of [[Rassilon]] had changed considerably. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'') [[TARDIS]]es' [[translation circuit]]s translated neither Old High Gallifreyan nor Gallifreyan written in the Doctor's time. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels (TV story)|The Time of Angels]]'', ''[[A Good Man Goes to War (TV story)|A Good Man Goes to War]]'')
{{Gallifreyan symbols navfobox}}
'''Gallifreyan''' was a [[Gallifrey]]an language used by the [[Time Lord]]s. There were several forms of written Gallifreyan. By the time of [[the Doctor]], the archaic '''Old High Gallifreyan''' language used in the days of [[Rassilon]] had changed considerably. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'') [[TARDIS]]es' [[translation circuit]]s translated neither Old High Gallifreyan nor Gallifreyan written in the Doctor's time. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Price of Paradise (novel)|The Price of Paradise]]'', [[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels (TV story)|The Time of Angels]]'', ''[[A Good Man Goes to War (TV story)|A Good Man Goes to War]]'')


== Examples ==
== Old High Gallifreyan ==
=== Old High Gallifreyan ===
Old High Gallifreyan was the ancient language of the [[Time Lord]]s. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'') The [[Eleventh Doctor]] stated that Old High Gallifreyan once possessed the power to raise empires and destroy gods. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels (TV story)|The Time of Angels]]'') He later stated that Old High Gallifreyan had tenses that aided in speaking about time travel. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Borrowed Time (novel)|Borrowed Time]]'')
''Old High Gallifreyan'' was the ancient language of the [[Time Lord]]s. It was not known by many; by the Doctor's era, it was virtually extinct, superseded by modern Gallifreyan. The [[Eleventh Doctor]] claimed that Old High Gallifreyan once possessed immense power when correctly harnessed, such as raising empires or destroying gods. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels]]'')  
 
When spoken, Old High Gallifreyan sounded [[music]]al to [[human]] ears. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Cold Fusion (novel)|Cold Fusion]]'', ''[[The Cabinet of Light (novel)|The Cabinet of Light]]'') [[Honoré Lechasseur]] perceived a conversation between [[the Doctor (The Cabinet of Light)|the Doctor]] and [[Mestizer]] as a song with gibberish words, ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Cabinet of Light (novel)|The Cabinet of Light]]'') and when the [[Fifth Doctor]] spoke Old High Gallifreyan with [[Patience (The Tides of Time)|Patience]], [[Adric]] compared it to a [[nursery rhyme]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Cold Fusion (novel)|Cold Fusion]]'')
 
According to one source, the Doctor's [[Aliases of the Doctor|real name]] was a [[Mathematics|mathematical]] formula: [[∂³Σx²]]. Other Time Lord names included Prosecutor [[ᔑx²-›‾‹]], Counsel for the Defense [[Δ:ʮ≠β]], Official Court Reporter [[ⵋᵅ/₆↑∝]], and Court Archivist [[Øμ³-∝]]. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Trial of Doctor Who (short story)|The Trial of Doctor Who]]'') These names also appeared on as Old High Gallifreyan writing on a plinth in the [[Tomb of Rassilon]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'')
 
The [[Fifth Doctor]] identified the [[Harp of Rassilon]] from its inscription: Δ:x ◫.ʮ: Øx.<ref name="Unicode">Handwritten symbols transcribed with the closest Unicode character</ref> A truncated pentagonal pyramid-shaped plinth in the [[Tomb of Rassilon]] located in the [[Death Zone]] of [[Gallifrey]] was inscribed with Old High Gallifreyan writing. Three of its faces read:<ref name="Unicode"/>
[[File:∂³Σx².jpg|thumb|Old High Gallifreyan in the [[Tomb of Rassilon]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'')]]
{| {{Prettytable}}
|-
!Face 1
!Face 2
!Face 3
|-
|{{il|Σ≠|[[ᔑx²-›‾‹]]|[[ⵋᵅ/₆↑∝]]|ᔑ-›‾‹Δ|Φμ𝄈|[[Δ:ʮ≠β]]}}
|{{il|Øμ³|𝄈⇃∝Σ|ʮ≠β²x|›‾‹÷∂₃∝|ᔑ-x²∑:Δ}}
|{{il|[[∂³Σx²]]|Ø›‾‹Δ:|βμ³↑ᵅ/₆|∂³Σx²|ᔑø-ʮ|ⵋ≠›‾‹∝⇃𝄈|μ₃Δ:ᵅ/₆🡒|—}}
|}


The written form of Old High Gallifreyan resembled, to human eyes, a mixture of Greek letters and mathematical symbols.
The [[First Doctor|First]], [[Second Doctor|Second]], and [[Third Doctor]]s translated the writing:


Inside the [[Tomb of Rassilon]] in the [[Death Zone]] on [[Gallifrey]], an old rhyme was written in "Old High Gallifreyan," which explained the outcome of the "Game of Rassilon". ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'')
{{Quote|[T]his is the Tomb of Rassilon, where Rassilon lies in eternal sleep. [A]nyone who's got this far has passed many dangers and shown great courage and determination. "To lose is to win and he who wins shall lose." [W]hoever takes the ring from Rassilon's hand and puts it on shall get the reward he seeks: Immortality.|[[First Doctor|First]], [[Second Doctor|Second]], and [[Third Doctor]]|The Five Doctors}}
::''This text included the letters δ³Σx², which was given as the Doctor's name in the 1972 behind-the-scenes book ''[[The Making of Doctor Who]]'' by [[Terrance Dicks]] and [[Malcolm Hulke]].''


Within [[The Doctor (The Infinity Doctors)|the Doctor]]'s rooms on the Gallifrey of [[The Infinity Doctors universe|one universe]], there was a painting of a woman holding a scroll with the words "Death is but a door" written in High Gallifreyan. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Infinity Doctors]]'')
The written form of Old High Gallifreyan resembled, to [[English (language)|English]]-speaking human eyes, a mixture of [[Greek language|Greek]] letters and [[math]]ematical symbols. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'') [[Marnal]] manipulated his [[bottle universe]] with controls labelled in a language that looked like Greek, but he clarified that it was the "Gallifreyan [[omegabet]]." ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Gallifrey Chronicles (novel)|The Gallifrey Chronicles]]'')


The [[First Doctor]] wrote his [[Five Hundred Year Diary]] in High Gallifreyan to make sure no one else could read it. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Power of the Daleks (novelisation)|The Power of the Daleks]]'')
The [[Seventh Doctor]] claimed that all the best [[computer program]]s, such as the one his TARDIS used, were written in ancient High Gallifreyan. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Timewyrm: Genesys (novel)|Timewyrm: Genesys]]'') On [[Planet Wet]], the [[Twelfth Doctor]] wrote a [[Trojan virus]] in Ancient High Gallifreyan. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Buyer's Remorse (short story)|Buyer's Remorse]]'')


[[River Song]] could write in Old High Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels]]'')
Old High Gallifreyan was forgotten by all but a few in the Doctor's era. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'') "Mi'en Kalarash" was known to mean as "Blue Fire", ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[House of Blue Fire (audio story)|House of Blue Fire]]'') and "valeyard" was said to translate as "learned court prosecutor". ([[TV]]: ''[[The Mysterious Planet (TV story)|The Mysterious Planet]]'') The [[First Doctor]] wrote his [[Five Hundred Year Diary]] in High Gallifreyan to make sure no one else could read it. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Power of the Daleks (novelisation)|The Power of the Daleks]]'') [[River Song]] could write in Old High Gallifreyan, ([[TV]]: ''[[The Time of Angels (TV story)|The Time of Angels]]'') and [[Susan Foreman]] used it to write [[the Doctor's real name]] on the wrapping paper of a [[hypercube]] intended for him. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Ghost of Christmas Past (short story)|Ghost of Christmas Past]]'')


The word "valeyard" was said to mean "learned court prosecutor." ([[TV]]: ''[[The Trial of a Time Lord]]'')
The label on the Doctor's pot of [[Sisterhood Salve]] was written in Old High Gallifreyan. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[Timewyrm: Exodus (novel)|Timewyrm: Exodus]]'')


"Mi’en Kalarash" translated as "Blue Fire." ([[AUDIO]]: ''[[House of Blue Fire]]'')
Within [[The Doctor (The Infinity Doctors universe)|the Doctor]]'s rooms on Gallifrey was a painting of [[Patience (The Tides of Time)|a woman]] holding a scroll with the words "Death is but a door" written in High Gallifreyan. ([[PROSE]]: ''[[The Infinity Doctors (novel)|The Infinity Doctors]]'')


=== Modern Gallifreyan ===
== Modern Gallifreyan ==
[[File:DA Doctors message.jpg|thumb|An example of Gallifreyan script written by the [[Fourth Doctor]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Deadly Assassin]]'')]]
[[File:DA Doctors message.jpg|thumb|An example of Gallifreyan script written by the [[Fourth Doctor]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Deadly Assassin (TV story)|The Deadly Assassin]]'')]]
While Old High Gallifreyan was the original language of the Time Lords, it had evolved into a different form by the time of the Doctor. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'')
While Old High Gallifreyan was the original language of the Time Lords, it had evolved into a different form by the time of the Doctor. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'')


* Two Time Lords looked at an archive of information on the [[Third Doctor]], which displayed a photo and writing in modern Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[Colony in Space]]'')
Two Time Lords looked at an archive of information on the [[Third Doctor]], which displayed a photo and writing in modern Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[Colony in Space (TV story)|Colony in Space]]'')
* A vaguely Arabic-looking script, in a letter written by the [[Fourth Doctor]] to warn the [[High Council]] of an assassination, was in modern Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Deadly Assassin]]'')
 
* The [[Seventh Doctor]] left a note for the [[Supreme Dalek]] in a script other than English. This included the Doctor's "name" ([[Theta Sigma]]) in Greek. ([[TV]]: ''[[Remembrance of the Daleks]]'')
A script, in a [[letter]] written by the [[Fourth Doctor]] to warn the [[High Council]] of an assassination, was in modern Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Deadly Assassin (TV story)|The Deadly Assassin]]'')
 
The [[Seventh Doctor]] left a calling card for the [[Black Dalek Leader|Supreme Dalek]] in a script other than English. It appeared to include the [[Greece|Greek]] characters [[Theta Sigma]], ([[TV]]: ''[[Remembrance of the Daleks (TV story)|Remembrance of the Daleks]]'') which had been an old nickname of the Doctor's. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Armageddon Factor (TV story)|The Armageddon Factor]]'')
 
== Circular Gallifreyan ==
Gallifreyan could also be written using interlocking circles, hexagons and lines. ([[TV]]: ''[[The End of Time (TV story)|The End of Time]]'')


=== Circular Gallifreyan ===
[[File:Written_gallifreyan2.jpg|thumb|An example of the interlocking/overlapping circles. ([[TV]]: ''[[Utopia (TV story)|Utopia]]'')]]
[[File:Written_gallifreyan2.jpg|thumb|An example of the interlocking/overlapping circles. ([[TV]]: ''[[Utopia (TV story)|Utopia]]'')]]
* A complex system of interlocking circles was used by [[the Doctor's TARDIS]] output screens in "[[TARDIS coral|coral desktop theme]]" mode and was seen in the notes that the Doctor scattered around the [[console room]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Rose (TV story)|Rose]]'' onwards)
A complex system of interlocking circles was used by the [[TARDIS scanner|scanner]] screens in the [[Ninth Doctor|Ninth]] and [[Tenth Doctor]]'s [[the Doctor's TARDIS|TARDIS]] and was seen in the notes that the Doctor scattered around the [[console room]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Rose (TV story)|Rose]]'' onwards)
* Simpler handwritten circles appeared on the Betamax tape used by the [[Tenth Doctor]] to trap [[the Wire]]. The circular text, since scribbled over, presumably stated the tape's contents. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Idiot's Lantern]]'')
 
* [[The Visionary]] wrote interlocking circles, which Rassilon and the other Time Lords could understand. One of the words was "Earth." ([[TV]]: ''[[The End of Time (TV story)|The End of Time]]'')
Simpler handwritten circles appeared on the Betamax tape used by the Tenth Doctor to trap [[the Wire]]. The circular text, since scribbled over, presumably stated the tape's contents. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Idiot's Lantern (TV story)|The Idiot's Lantern]]'')
* The envelope from the [[Eleventh Doctor]] inviting [[River Song]] to [[Lake Silencio]] and a page from the 1,103-year-old Eleventh Doctor's TARDIS diary were written in Circular Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Impossible Astronaut]]'')
 
* Text in circular Gallifreyan was seen carved into [[the Doctor's cot]]. It was implied that this writing was [[Melody Pond]]'s name. ([[TV]]: ''[[A Good Man Goes to War]]'')
[[Captain]] [[Jack Harkness]]'s office in the [[Torchwood Hub]] had windows with circular Gallifreyan engraved on them. ([[TV]]: ''[[Everything Changes (TV story)|Everything Changes]]'' - ''[[Children of Earth: Day One (TV story)|Children of Earth: Day One]]'') However, these were likely destroyed when a [[bomb]] was implanted in him without his knowledge and used to blow up the Hub once he was inside. ([[TV]]: ''[[Children of Earth: Day One (TV story)|Children of Earth: Day One]]'')
* The Eleventh Doctor's second TARDIS control room design feature circular Gallifreyan symbols on rotating sections above the main console and time rotor. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Snowmen (TV story)|The Snowmen]]'')
 
[[Sarah Jane Smith]] owned a [[grandfather clock]] with circular Gallifreyan etched across the clockface. She kept it upstairs in her attic along with most of her other alien collection. ([[TV]]: ''[[Invasion of the Bane (TV story)|Invasion of the Bane]]'', etc.)
 
[[The Visionary]] wrote interlocking circles, which Rassilon and the other Time Lords could understand. One of the words was "Earth." ([[TV]]: ''[[The End of Time (TV story)|The End of Time]]'')
 
When the TARDIS rebuilt itself following the explosive regeneration from the Tenth to [[Eleventh Doctor]], ([[TV]]: ''[[The End of Time (TV story)|The End of Time]]'') the panels of the Eleventh Doctor's first [[TARDIS control console]] had circular Gallifreyan etched across the glass, while a lightbox projected similar symbols onto the floor just beyond the front doors. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Eleventh Hour (TV story)|The Eleventh Hour]]'')
 
The envelope from the Eleventh Doctor inviting [[River Song]] to [[Lake Silencio]], and a page from the 1,103-year-old Eleventh Doctor's TARDIS diary, were written in Circular Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)|The Impossible Astronaut]]'')
 
Text in circular Gallifreyan was seen carved into [[the Doctor's cot]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[A Good Man Goes to War (TV story)|A Good Man Goes to War]]'')
 
A blue fire extinguisher that the Eleventh Doctor used on the TARDIS was marked in silver Circular Gallifreyan. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Angels Take Manhattan (TV story)|The Angels Take Manhattan]]'')
 
[[File:TARDIS Monitor 11b.jpg|thumb|Gallifreyan text on the TARDIS monitor. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Snowmen (TV story)|The Snowmen]]'')]]
The Eleventh Doctor's second TARDIS control room design featured circular Gallifreyan symbols on rotating sections above the main console and time rotor, as well as along the border of the main entrance. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Snowmen (TV story)|The Snowmen]]'')
 
The [[Whisper Men]] showed [[Clarence DeMarco]] a map that he had to memorise in Circular Gallifreyan that they demanded he give to Madame [[Vastra]]. ([[HOMEVID]]: ''[[Clarence and the Whispermen (home video)|Clarence and the Whispermen]]'') These were space-time coordinates which led to [[Trenzalore]], the final resting place of the Doctor following the [[Siege of Trenzalore]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Name of the Doctor (TV story)|The Name of the Doctor]]'')
 
[[The Moment]], the most powerful weapon of war ever designed, had circular Gallifreyan carved onto it. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Day of the Doctor (TV story)|The Day of the Doctor]]'')
 
Circular Gallifreyan writing was written on the sides of the TARDIS exterior after it had entered [[siege mode]]. ([[TV]]: ''[[Flatline (TV story)|Flatline]]'')
 
As it was designed to be a parallel to the Moment, the [[Osgood Box]] had circular Gallifreyan carved onto its sides. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Zygon Inversion (TV story)|The Zygon Inversion]]'')
 
The [[blind]] [[Twelfth Doctor]] employed a [[reading aid]] which had circular Gallifreyan script on it. ([[TV]]: ''[[Extremis (TV story)|Extremis]]'')
 
In the [[Thirteenth Doctor]]'s TARDIS, the elevated platforms that the control console resided on had circular Gallifreyan running along the rim. ([[TV]]: ''[[The Ghost Monument (TV story)|The Ghost Monument]]'') However, following a slight redesign, the markings were replaced with crystal. ([[TV]]: ''[[Spyfall (TV story)|Spyfall]]'')
 
The [[activation button]] on the [[Fourteenth Doctor]]'s [[Fourteenth Doctor's sonic screwdriver|sonic screwdriver]] had circular Gallifreyan embossed into it. ([[WC]]: {{cs|The Fourteenth Doctor's Sonic Screwdriver (webcast)}}, [[PROSE]]: {{cs|Super Sonic (feature)|page=36-37}})


== Behind the scenes ==
== Behind the scenes ==
None of the Gallifreyan languages used in the show have been given official translations by the BBC.
=== Old High Gallifreyan ===
* Before it was named in [[TV]]: ''[[The Five Doctors (TV story)|The Five Doctors]]'', ''[[The Making of Doctor Who]]'' included the first appearance of Old High Gallifreyan in the story ''[[The Trial of Doctor Who (short story)|The Trial of Doctor Who]]''. The Doctor's real name is given as a "mathematical formula": [[∂³Σx²]]. Other Time Lords are given similar names:<ref name="Unicode"/>
** Prosecutor: [[ᔑx²-›‾‹]]
** Counsel for the Defense: [[Δ:ʮ≠β]] (also typed as Δ:y≠β)
** Official Court Reporter: [[ⵋᵅ/₆↑∝]]
** Court Archivist: [[Øμ³-∝]]
[[file:Genesis of the Daleks (The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule CD).jpg|thumb|''[[Genesis of the Daleks (TV story)|Genesis of the Daleks]]'' written in the Latin aphabet and Ruth Rowland's Old High Gallifreyan]]
* A [[secretary]] of the [[Order of the White Peacock]] was named [[∞×∑û≠∆]] ([[PROSE]]: ''[[A Choice of Houses (short story)|A Choice of Houses]]'')
* The Gallifreyan spoken by the Doctor in ''[[Cold Fusion (novel)|Cold Fusion]]'' is represented in the text by Greek type: "Ανδ Ι τυρνεδ αρουνδ ανδ τηευ ςερε αλλ ςεαρινγ ευεπατψηεσ." The passage doesn't actually mean anything in Greek, but if transliterated letter-by-letter to English in the {{w|Symbol (typeface)|symbol font}} the passage becomes "And I turned around and they were all wearing eyepatches". This was a sly reference to [[Nicholas Courtney]]'s "eye patch story" from ''[[Inferno (TV story)#Story notes|Inferno]]''.
* [[Ruth Rowland]] designed original covers for the CD and DVD releases in [[The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule (DVD box set)|The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule]]. The titles included Old High Gallifreyan letters and assigned them to letters of the [[Latin]] [[alphabet]].<ref>[https://ruthrowland.co.uk/the-fourth-doctor-who-time-capsule Gallifreyan Script - The Fourth Doctor Who Time Capsule]</ref>
{| {{Prettytable}}
! Latin Alphabet
!Ruth Rowland's <br>Old High Gallifreyan
|-
|A
|-
|B
|none
|-
|C
|none
|-
|D
|-
|E
|‹
|-
|F
|⍋
|-
|G
|♃:
|-
|H
|▽꜕
|-
|I
|🝆=
|-
|J
|none
|-
|K
|ᐘ
|-
|L
|𝜈
|-
|M
|-
|N
|≠
|-
|O
|Ⲇ
|-
|P
|none
|-
|Q
|none
|-
|R
|∂³
|-
|S
|↑
|-
|T
|ξ.
|-
|U
|none
|-
|V
|◬
|-
|W
|𝚵
|-
|X
|none
|-
|Y
|-
|Z
|Ꝋ
|-
|space
|—
|-
|colspan="2"|Examples from [[The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule (DVD box set)|The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule]]:
|-
|GENESIS OF THE DALEKS
|♃:‹≠‹↑🝆 = ↑—Ⲇ⍋—ξ.▽꜕‹—ΣΦ𝜈‹ᐘ↑
|-
|TERROR OF THE ZYGONS
|ξ.‹∂³∂³Ⲇ∂³—Ⲇ⍋—ξ.▽꜕‹—ꝊĦ♃:Ⲇ≠↑
|-
|INTERVIEW WITH THE TIME LORD
|🝆=≠ξ.‹∂³◬🝆 = ‹𝚵—𝚵🝆=ξ.▽꜕—ξ.▽꜕‹—ξ.🝆=Ξ‹—𝜈Ⲇ∂³Σ
|}
=== Circular Gallifreyan ===
[[file:11D 3.04 Cover D.jpg|thumb|"When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth!" on [[11DY3 4]] Cover D.]]
* The design for circular Gallifreyan, popular throughout the [[BBC Wales]] series, was devised by [[graphic artist]] [[Jenny Bowers]], for the [[Ninth Doctor]]'s [[The Doctor's TARDIS|TARDIS]] in [[Series 1 (Doctor Who 2005)|series 1]].
* The number system in circular Gallifreyan, as seen in the chapter headings of the [[New Series Adventures]], was in base seven.
* The number system in circular Gallifreyan, as seen in the chapter headings of the [[New Series Adventures]], was in base seven.
* A version of Circular Gallifreyan was created by Doctor Who fan Loren Sherman in 2011.<ref>[https://www.omniglot.com/conscripts/shermansgallifreyan.htm Omniglot - Sherman's Gallifreyan]</ref> It has since made its way onto official Doctor Who merchandise.
** Circular Gallifreyan appeared on [[Arianna Florean]]'s Cover D of ''[[11DY3 4]]''. The Gallifreyan was created by DeviantArt user phantoms-siren<ref>[https://www.deviantart.com/phantoms-siren/art/Gallifreyan-Sherlock-Holmes-291404743 Gallifreyan Sherlock Holmes by phantoms-siren]</ref>, and is the iconic Sherlock Holmes quote, "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth!"
** The [[Official Doctor Who Tumblr|Official ''Doctor Who'' Tumblr]] has often spotlighted fanmade pieces making use of the Sherman Gallifreyan.<ref>[https://doctorwho.tumblr.com/post/48894076554/thegirlwhopondered-companions-and-their thegirlwhopondered: companions and their gallifreyan name]</ref>
** Loren Sherman's Gallifreyan writing system has also appeared, albeit vaguely, in the TV show. In ''[[Extremis (TV story)|Extremis]]'', the device which the Doctor uses to temporarily regain his sight by sacrificing part of his future is briefly shown to have a sentence on it written in a simplified style of Sherman's Gallifreyan. When translated, it appears that it was supposed to read ''"To be paid back in full"'', however this intent, while likely, is currently unknown due to the simplified font.
**The Rwandan proverb inscribed on the [[Fifteenth Doctor's sonic screwdriver]] ("The sharpness of the tongue defeats the sharpness of the warrior") is also written (possibly incorrectly<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/gallifreyan/comments/18f1p7x/new_sonic_looks_like_shermans/ Reddit - New Sonic, looks like Sherman’s]</ref>) using Sherman's script.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBU0jJ8HdeI Youtube - Ncuti Gatwa's New Sonic Screwdriver | Doctor Who]</ref>


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://nzdwfc.tetrap.com/archive/tsv41/oldhighgallifreyan.html "Old High Gallifreyan"]: an article by Jon Preddle on Gallifreyan writing as it appeared in the series pre-2005
* [http://nzdwfc.tetrap.com/archive/tsv41/oldhighgallifreyan.html "Old High Gallifreyan"]: an article by Jon Preddle on Gallifreyan writing as it appeared in the series pre-2005
* [http://www.shermansplanet.com/gallifreyan Sherman's Planet - Circular Gallifreyan]: a system of encoded writing designed to have a similar appearance to circular Gallifreyan.
* [http://fontstruct.com/fontstructions/show/assassin_s_gallifreyan Assassin's Gallifreyan] and [http://fontstruct.com/fontstructions/show/archaic_gallifreyan Archaic Gallifreyan]: two fan-made fonts based on the scripts seen in ''[[The Deadly Assassin]]'' and ''[[Shada]]''.


[[Category:Languages]]
== Footnotes ==
[[Category:Gallifreyan culture]]
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Gallifreyan history]]
 
[[Category:Gallifreyan language]]
[[Category:Languages the TARDIS was unable to translate]]

Latest revision as of 17:28, 17 October 2024

Gallifreyan was a Gallifreyan language used by the Time Lords. There were several forms of written Gallifreyan. By the time of the Doctor, the archaic Old High Gallifreyan language used in the days of Rassilon had changed considerably. (TV: The Five Doctors) TARDISes' translation circuits translated neither Old High Gallifreyan nor Gallifreyan written in the Doctor's time. (PROSE: The Price of Paradise, TV: The Time of Angels, A Good Man Goes to War)

Old High Gallifreyan[[edit] | [edit source]]

Old High Gallifreyan was the ancient language of the Time Lords. (TV: The Five Doctors) The Eleventh Doctor stated that Old High Gallifreyan once possessed the power to raise empires and destroy gods. (TV: The Time of Angels) He later stated that Old High Gallifreyan had tenses that aided in speaking about time travel. (PROSE: Borrowed Time)

When spoken, Old High Gallifreyan sounded musical to human ears. (PROSE: Cold Fusion, The Cabinet of Light) Honoré Lechasseur perceived a conversation between the Doctor and Mestizer as a song with gibberish words, (PROSE: The Cabinet of Light) and when the Fifth Doctor spoke Old High Gallifreyan with Patience, Adric compared it to a nursery rhyme. (PROSE: Cold Fusion)

According to one source, the Doctor's real name was a mathematical formula: ∂³Σx². Other Time Lord names included Prosecutor ᔑx²-›‾‹, Counsel for the Defense Δ:ʮ≠β, Official Court Reporter ⵋᵅ/₆↑∝, and Court Archivist Øμ³-∝. (PROSE: The Trial of Doctor Who) These names also appeared on as Old High Gallifreyan writing on a plinth in the Tomb of Rassilon. (TV: The Five Doctors)

The Fifth Doctor identified the Harp of Rassilon from its inscription: Δ:x ◫.ʮ: Øx.[1] A truncated pentagonal pyramid-shaped plinth in the Tomb of Rassilon located in the Death Zone of Gallifrey was inscribed with Old High Gallifreyan writing. Three of its faces read:[1]

Old High Gallifreyan in the Tomb of Rassilon. (TV: The Five Doctors)
Face 1 Face 2 Face 3
Σ≠
ᔑx²-›‾‹
ⵋᵅ/₆↑∝
ᔑ-›‾‹Δ
Φμ𝄈
Δ:ʮ≠β
Øμ³
𝄈⇃∝Σ
ʮ≠β²x
›‾‹÷∂₃∝
ᔑ-x²∑:Δ
∂³Σx²
Ø›‾‹Δ:
βμ³↑ᵅ/₆
∂³Σx²
ᔑø-ʮ
ⵋ≠›‾‹∝⇃𝄈
μ₃Δ:ᵅ/₆🡒

The First, Second, and Third Doctors translated the writing:

[T]his is the Tomb of Rassilon, where Rassilon lies in eternal sleep. [A]nyone who's got this far has passed many dangers and shown great courage and determination. "To lose is to win and he who wins shall lose." [W]hoever takes the ring from Rassilon's hand and puts it on shall get the reward he seeks: Immortality.First, Second, and Third Doctor [The Five Doctors [src]]

The written form of Old High Gallifreyan resembled, to English-speaking human eyes, a mixture of Greek letters and mathematical symbols. (TV: The Five Doctors) Marnal manipulated his bottle universe with controls labelled in a language that looked like Greek, but he clarified that it was the "Gallifreyan omegabet." (PROSE: The Gallifrey Chronicles)

The Seventh Doctor claimed that all the best computer programs, such as the one his TARDIS used, were written in ancient High Gallifreyan. (PROSE: Timewyrm: Genesys) On Planet Wet, the Twelfth Doctor wrote a Trojan virus in Ancient High Gallifreyan. (PROSE: Buyer's Remorse)

Old High Gallifreyan was forgotten by all but a few in the Doctor's era. (TV: The Five Doctors) "Mi'en Kalarash" was known to mean as "Blue Fire", (AUDIO: House of Blue Fire) and "valeyard" was said to translate as "learned court prosecutor". (TV: The Mysterious Planet) The First Doctor wrote his Five Hundred Year Diary in High Gallifreyan to make sure no one else could read it. (PROSE: The Power of the Daleks) River Song could write in Old High Gallifreyan, (TV: The Time of Angels) and Susan Foreman used it to write the Doctor's real name on the wrapping paper of a hypercube intended for him. (PROSE: Ghost of Christmas Past)

The label on the Doctor's pot of Sisterhood Salve was written in Old High Gallifreyan. (PROSE: Timewyrm: Exodus)

Within the Doctor's rooms on Gallifrey was a painting of a woman holding a scroll with the words "Death is but a door" written in High Gallifreyan. (PROSE: The Infinity Doctors)

Modern Gallifreyan[[edit] | [edit source]]

An example of Gallifreyan script written by the Fourth Doctor. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

While Old High Gallifreyan was the original language of the Time Lords, it had evolved into a different form by the time of the Doctor. (TV: The Five Doctors)

Two Time Lords looked at an archive of information on the Third Doctor, which displayed a photo and writing in modern Gallifreyan. (TV: Colony in Space)

A script, in a letter written by the Fourth Doctor to warn the High Council of an assassination, was in modern Gallifreyan. (TV: The Deadly Assassin)

The Seventh Doctor left a calling card for the Supreme Dalek in a script other than English. It appeared to include the Greek characters Theta Sigma, (TV: Remembrance of the Daleks) which had been an old nickname of the Doctor's. (TV: The Armageddon Factor)

Circular Gallifreyan[[edit] | [edit source]]

Gallifreyan could also be written using interlocking circles, hexagons and lines. (TV: The End of Time)

An example of the interlocking/overlapping circles. (TV: Utopia)

A complex system of interlocking circles was used by the scanner screens in the Ninth and Tenth Doctor's TARDIS and was seen in the notes that the Doctor scattered around the console room. (TV: Rose onwards)

Simpler handwritten circles appeared on the Betamax tape used by the Tenth Doctor to trap the Wire. The circular text, since scribbled over, presumably stated the tape's contents. (TV: The Idiot's Lantern)

Captain Jack Harkness's office in the Torchwood Hub had windows with circular Gallifreyan engraved on them. (TV: Everything Changes - Children of Earth: Day One) However, these were likely destroyed when a bomb was implanted in him without his knowledge and used to blow up the Hub once he was inside. (TV: Children of Earth: Day One)

Sarah Jane Smith owned a grandfather clock with circular Gallifreyan etched across the clockface. She kept it upstairs in her attic along with most of her other alien collection. (TV: Invasion of the Bane, etc.)

The Visionary wrote interlocking circles, which Rassilon and the other Time Lords could understand. One of the words was "Earth." (TV: The End of Time)

When the TARDIS rebuilt itself following the explosive regeneration from the Tenth to Eleventh Doctor, (TV: The End of Time) the panels of the Eleventh Doctor's first TARDIS control console had circular Gallifreyan etched across the glass, while a lightbox projected similar symbols onto the floor just beyond the front doors. (TV: The Eleventh Hour)

The envelope from the Eleventh Doctor inviting River Song to Lake Silencio, and a page from the 1,103-year-old Eleventh Doctor's TARDIS diary, were written in Circular Gallifreyan. (TV: The Impossible Astronaut)

Text in circular Gallifreyan was seen carved into the Doctor's cot. (TV: A Good Man Goes to War)

A blue fire extinguisher that the Eleventh Doctor used on the TARDIS was marked in silver Circular Gallifreyan. (TV: The Angels Take Manhattan)

Gallifreyan text on the TARDIS monitor. (TV: The Snowmen)

The Eleventh Doctor's second TARDIS control room design featured circular Gallifreyan symbols on rotating sections above the main console and time rotor, as well as along the border of the main entrance. (TV: The Snowmen)

The Whisper Men showed Clarence DeMarco a map that he had to memorise in Circular Gallifreyan that they demanded he give to Madame Vastra. (HOMEVID: Clarence and the Whispermen) These were space-time coordinates which led to Trenzalore, the final resting place of the Doctor following the Siege of Trenzalore. (TV: The Name of the Doctor)

The Moment, the most powerful weapon of war ever designed, had circular Gallifreyan carved onto it. (TV: The Day of the Doctor)

Circular Gallifreyan writing was written on the sides of the TARDIS exterior after it had entered siege mode. (TV: Flatline)

As it was designed to be a parallel to the Moment, the Osgood Box had circular Gallifreyan carved onto its sides. (TV: The Zygon Inversion)

The blind Twelfth Doctor employed a reading aid which had circular Gallifreyan script on it. (TV: Extremis)

In the Thirteenth Doctor's TARDIS, the elevated platforms that the control console resided on had circular Gallifreyan running along the rim. (TV: The Ghost Monument) However, following a slight redesign, the markings were replaced with crystal. (TV: Spyfall)

The activation button on the Fourteenth Doctor's sonic screwdriver had circular Gallifreyan embossed into it. (WC: The Fourteenth Doctor's Sonic Screwdriver [+]Loading...["The Fourteenth Doctor's Sonic Screwdriver (webcast)"], PROSE: Super Sonic [+]Loading...{"page":"36-37","1":"Super Sonic (feature)"})

Behind the scenes[[edit] | [edit source]]

None of the Gallifreyan languages used in the show have been given official translations by the BBC.

Old High Gallifreyan[[edit] | [edit source]]

Genesis of the Daleks written in the Latin aphabet and Ruth Rowland's Old High Gallifreyan
Latin Alphabet Ruth Rowland's
Old High Gallifreyan
A Φ
B none
C none
D Σ
E
F
G ♃:
H ▽꜕
I 🝆=
J none
K
L 𝜈
M Ξ
N
O
P none
Q none
R ∂³
S
T ξ.
U none
V
W 𝚵
X none
Y Ħ
Z
space
Examples from The Fourth Doctor Time Capsule:
GENESIS OF THE DALEKS ♃:‹≠‹↑🝆 = ↑—Ⲇ⍋—ξ.▽꜕‹—ΣΦ𝜈‹ᐘ↑
TERROR OF THE ZYGONS ξ.‹∂³∂³Ⲇ∂³—Ⲇ⍋—ξ.▽꜕‹—ꝊĦ♃:Ⲇ≠↑
INTERVIEW WITH THE TIME LORD 🝆=≠ξ.‹∂³◬🝆 = ‹𝚵—𝚵🝆=ξ.▽꜕—ξ.▽꜕‹—ξ.🝆=Ξ‹—𝜈Ⲇ∂³Σ

Circular Gallifreyan[[edit] | [edit source]]

"When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth!" on 11DY3 4 Cover D.
  • The design for circular Gallifreyan, popular throughout the BBC Wales series, was devised by graphic artist Jenny Bowers, for the Ninth Doctor's TARDIS in series 1.
  • The number system in circular Gallifreyan, as seen in the chapter headings of the New Series Adventures, was in base seven.
  • A version of Circular Gallifreyan was created by Doctor Who fan Loren Sherman in 2011.[3] It has since made its way onto official Doctor Who merchandise.
    • Circular Gallifreyan appeared on Arianna Florean's Cover D of 11DY3 4. The Gallifreyan was created by DeviantArt user phantoms-siren[4], and is the iconic Sherlock Holmes quote, "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth!"
    • The Official Doctor Who Tumblr has often spotlighted fanmade pieces making use of the Sherman Gallifreyan.[5]
    • Loren Sherman's Gallifreyan writing system has also appeared, albeit vaguely, in the TV show. In Extremis, the device which the Doctor uses to temporarily regain his sight by sacrificing part of his future is briefly shown to have a sentence on it written in a simplified style of Sherman's Gallifreyan. When translated, it appears that it was supposed to read "To be paid back in full", however this intent, while likely, is currently unknown due to the simplified font.
    • The Rwandan proverb inscribed on the Fifteenth Doctor's sonic screwdriver ("The sharpness of the tongue defeats the sharpness of the warrior") is also written (possibly incorrectly[6]) using Sherman's script.[7]

External links[[edit] | [edit source]]

  • "Old High Gallifreyan": an article by Jon Preddle on Gallifreyan writing as it appeared in the series pre-2005

Footnotes[[edit] | [edit source]]