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:''For other meanings, see the disambiguation pages for [[US (disambiguation)|U.S.]], [[USA (disambiguation)|USA]], or [[United States (disambiguation)|United States]].''
{{wikipediainfo}}
{{Infobox Location
|image      = US flag (TMM).jpg
|aka        = {{il|US|USA|America|The States}}
|type        = [[Nation]]
|location    = [[North America]]
|first        = Battle for the Moon (comic story)
|first mention = An Unearthly Child (TV story)
|appearances = {{appears}}
|bts        = Doctor Who Insider Part 3 -- In America 2011 Behind-the-Scenes
}}{{you may|America (ship)|n1=the ship}}
The '''United States of America''', commonly the '''US''', '''USA''', '''America''', or just '''the States''', was a [[nation]] located in [[North America]] on the [[planet]] [[Earth]]. Its head of state and head of government was an elected [[President of the United States|president]], chosen by general election every four years.


The '''United States of America''' was a federal [[republic]] situated primarily in [[North America]]. It was bordered on the north by [[Canada]] and on the south by [[Mexico]]. It comprised several states and one [[Washington, D.C.|federal district]], and had at various times several territories with differing degrees of affiliation. It was also referred to, with varying formality, as the '''United States''', '''America''', the '''U.S.''', the '''U.S.A.''', the '''U.S. of A.''', the '''States''', or (poetically) '''Columbia'''.
There were fifty-one [[state]]s by [[2003]], ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Minuet in Hell (audio story)}}, {{cs|Neverland (audio story)}}, {{cs|The Fall of the House of Pollard (audio story)}}, [[PROSE]]: {{cs|Rise of the Dominator (novel)}}) or only fifty, though it was widely believed as a result of the [[Mandela Effect]] that there were fifty-two, which [[Professor]] [[Maxwell Grey]] attributed to [[time]] being rewritten. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Mandela Effect, Or Monsters on the Streets of London (short story)}})


After [[World War I]], the United States emerged as the dominant global influence in economic, political, [[military]], cultural and technological affairs. Following the collapse of the [[Soviet Union]], it became the sole global superpower of the early [[21st century]].
Supposed [[Earthonomics]] expert [[Copper (Voyage of the Damned)|Mr Copper]] mistakenly referred to the nation as "Ham Erica". ([[TV]]: {{cs|Voyage of the Damned (TV story)}})


The country celebrated its founding date as [[July 4]], [[1776]], when the Second Continental Congress—representing thirteen British colonies—adopted the [[Declaration of Independence (United States)|Declaration of Independence]] that rejected British authority in favor of self-determination. The structure of the government was profoundly changed on [[March 4]], [[1789]], when the states replaced the Articles of Confederation with the [[United States Constitution]].
== History ==
[[File:War of the Sontarans map Western hemisphere.jpg|thumb|A map showing the eastern United States relative to the Atlantic Ocean. ([[TV]]: {{cs|War of the Sontarans (TV story)}})]]
=== Early history ===
Prior to [[Great Britain|British]] settlement, the United States was primarily inhabited by [[Native American]]s. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Peacemaker (novel)}})


==History==
In the [[1620]]s, [[Dutch]] [[colonist]]s established the [[town]] of [[New York City|New Amsterdam]], which became a [[city]] in [[1653]]. [[1664|Eleven years later]], New Amsterdam was [[Capture of New Amsterdam|attacked and taken]] by the [[English]], who renamed it New York. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)}})


===Prehistory===
The [[North Carolina colony]] was established by [[1711]], when [[Thomas Cary]] served as [[deputy governor]]. When [[Edward Hyde (governor)|Edward Hyde]] was appointed to take his place, Cary refused to give up his position, leading to [[Cary's rebellion]]. ([[COMIC]]: {{cs|Hidden Human History (comic story)}})
American history during the Human Era began with the migration of people from [[Asia]] across the Bering land bridge some time prior to [[10,000 BC]], possibly following large animals that they hunted into the Americas. These Native Americans left evidence of their presence in [[petroglyph]]s, [[burial mound]]s, and other artifacts. It seems that 2 to 9 million people lived in the territory later occupied by the U.S. before that population was diminished by [[Europe]]an contact and the foreign diseases it brought. Some advanced societies were the Anasazi of the southwest, who inhabited Chaco Canyon (and built sandstone buildings with up to 5 floors), and the Woodland Indians, who built Cahokia, a city with a population of 40,000 at its peak in the year [[1200]], located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri.


===European settlement===
The [[Ninth Doctor]] claimed to have participated in the [[Boston Tea Party]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Unquiet Dead (TV story)}})
External visitors including the Norse had arrived before, but it was not until after the voyages of [[Christopher Columbus]] in late [[1400s]] and early [[1500s]] that European nations began to explore the land in earnest and settle there permanently.


During the 1500s and [[1600s]], the [[Spain|Spanish]] settled parts of the southern regions and southeastern regions. The first successful [[England|English]] settlement was at [[Jamestown, Virginia]], in [[1607]]. Other early settlements, such as [[Roanoke]], were destroyed by various factors. Within the next two decades, several Dutch settlements, including [[New Amsterdam]] (the predecessor to [[New York City]]), were established in what would later become the states of New York and New Jersey. In [[1637]], Sweden established a colony at [[Fort Christina]] (in what would later be Delaware), but lost the settlement to the Dutch in [[1655]].
In [[1775]], the [[American War of Independence|American Revolutionary War]] against colonial rule by Britain began. {{O'Mara|c}} was present at some point during this conflict, and extracted brain chemicals from soldiers, using the violence to conceal her presence. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Mark of the Rani (TV story)}})


This was followed by extensive British settlement of the east coast. The British colonists remained relatively undisturbed by their home country until after the [[French and Indian War]] when the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] and its North American Colonies fought against [[France]] and its North American Colonies. The war resulted in [[France]] ceding [[Canada]] and the [[Great Lakes]] region to [[United Kingdom|Britain]], and [[Spain]] gaining Louisiana in compensation for its loss of [[Florida]] to [[United Kingdom|Britain]].
The American founding fathers included, among others, [[Benjamin Franklin]], [[Alexander Hamilton]], [[Thomas Jefferson]] and [[John Adams]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Founding Fathers (audio story)}}, [[TV]]: {{cs|The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)}})


Later that year, the British government under [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] issued the Royal Proclamation of [[1763]] that placed a boundary upon the westward expansion of the British North American colonies. The Proclamation's goal was to force colonists to negotiate with the Native Americans for the lawful purchase of the land and, therefore, to reduce the costly frontier warfare that had erupted over land conflicts.  
=== 19th century ===
==== American Civil War ====
The [[American Civil War]], which took place during [[1862]], was a conflict from which soldiers were kidnapped by the [[War Lord]]s for use in their [[War Game|war games]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The War Games (TV story)}})


A tax was imposed on the colonists as it was becoming increasingly difficult for the crown to pay for its military excursions and the defense of the American colonies from native uprisings. The colonists widely resented the taxes as they were denied representation in the [[British Parliament]]. Tensions between Britain and the colonists increased, and the thirteen colonies eventually rebelled against British rule.
While testing the [[temporal interocitor]], [[Nyssa]] accidentally ended up in the Civil War during a battle in [[Virginia]]. There, she met a black Confederate soldier named [[Floyd]], one of several people throughout history who'd been hearing the voices of [[Dalek]]s all his life as part of their plan to make [[human]]ity more susceptible to Dalek ideals and enslave them. He assisted in thwarting this plan. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Renaissance of the Daleks (audio story)}})


===Nationhood===
[[Peri Brown]] and [[Erimem]] were separated from the [[Fifth Doctor]] after materialising in the Civil War. They witnessed its brutality first-hand. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Blood and Hope (novel)}})


In [[1775]], the [[American Revolutionary War]] against colonial rule by Britain began. In [[1776]], the 13 colonies [[Declaration of Independence (United States)|declared their independence]] from Great Britain and formed the United States. Before the ratification of a national government, the United States existed as an informal alliance of independent individual colonies with their own laws and sovereignty, while the Second Continental Congress was given the nominal authority by the colonies to make decisions regarding the formation and founding of the Continental Army but not to levy taxes or make federal law.
On [[14 April]] [[1865]], President [[Abraham Lincoln]] was assassinated in [[Ford's Theatre]] in [[Washington DC]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Assassin in the Limelight (audio story)}})


The first united national political structure was a confederation proposed in [[1777]], and ratified in [[1781]] as the Articles of Confederation, making the United States the world's first constitutional federal republic. After long debate, this was supplanted in [[1789]] by the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], which formed a more centralized federal government. For the original 13 states, the date when they accepted the Constitution is often considered as their date of admission to the union.
==== Settling the West ====
The [[First Doctor]] and his companions once found themselves engaged in a particularly infamous and bloody incident known as the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Gunfighters (TV story)}}) The [[Tenth Doctor]] and [[Martha Jones]] landed in Redwater sometime in the 1880s and faced down the [[Clade]]s. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Peacemaker (novel)}})


===Civil War===
==== Late 19th century ====
In [[1886]], the USA received the [[Statue of Liberty]] as a [[donation]] from the [[people]] of [[France]]; the [[statue]] was placed on [[Liberty Island]] to [[greet]] [[traveller]]s entering [[New York State]] by [[New York Harbor]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)}})


By the mid-[[19th century]], a major division over the issue of states' rights, role of the federal government, and the expansion of [[slavery]] came to a head.
=== 20th century ===
==== 1910s ====
America was involved in [[World War I]]. Initially, their involvement was limited to [[volunteer]]s on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Great War (audio story)}}) However, the sinking of the [[RMS Lusitania|RMS ''Lusitania'']] at the hands of the ''[[U-20]]'' on [[7 May]] [[1915]] helped provoke the [[United States]] into entering the war [[1917|two years later]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Sirens of Time (audio story)}}) It was in [[April]] of 1917 that America [[American entry into World War I|joined the fight]] against [[Germany]], hastening the end of the conflict [[1918|the following year]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)}}) Among the Americans who served were [[Solomon (Daleks in Manhattan)|Solomon]] and [[Diagoras]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)}})


The Northern states had become opposed to slavery, while the Southern states saw it as necessary for the continued success of agriculture, especially the cotton industry, and wanted it expanded to newer territories in the West. Several federal laws were passed in an attempt to settle the dispute, including the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of [[1850]].
==== 1920s ====
The [[1920s]] were described by the [[Tenth Doctor]] as the [[Roaring Twenties]]. As he claimed, [[New York]] was a [[boom town]] during this time, before [[Herbert Hoover]] took office as [[President of the United States]] in [[1929]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)}})


The dispute reached a crisis on [[December 20]], [[1860]], when South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union. Six other southern states followed (Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas)[[Confederate States of America#International Diplomacy and Legal Status|<small><sup>1</sup></small>]], forming the [[Confederate States of America]] and leading to the [[American Civil War]]. Soon after the war began, four more southern states seceded (Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina), and two states (Kentucky and Missouri) had both Union and Confederate governments at different points throughout the war. Though these states were never under consistent Confederate control, they were still counted as Confederate States (seen most prominently on the flag of [[Robert E. Lee]]'s Army of Northern Virginia).
==== 1930s ====
In [[1930]], the [[Tenth Doctor]] and [[Martha Jones]] went to [[New York City]] where they found the [[Cult of Skaro]]. Many New York citizens were killed by the Cult after it tried to make them into a new form of [[human-Dalek|Dalek-human]] as part of the [[Final Experiment]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)}}/{{cs|Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)}})


During the war (after the Battle of Antietam), President [[Abraham Lincoln]] issued the Emancipation Proclamation, mandating the freedom of slaves located in the states in rebellion. There were some exceptions. Slaves owned by Northerners in the State of Louisiana were considered exempt. Full emancipation did not take place until after the end of the war in [[1865]], when the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution took effect. The Civil War effectively ended the question of a state's right to secede, and is widely accepted as a major turning point after which the federal government became more powerful than state governments.
In the early [[1930s]], following the onset of the [[Great Depression]], a recovering inter-[[World War I|war]] [[Germany]] began to feel abused and neglected by the United States. With the coming of [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] and the [[Nazi]]s, [[Jew]]ish [[scientist]]s [[Albert Einstein]] and [[Fritz Haber]] fled to the safety of the US. Haber died there in [[1934]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Alchemists (audio story)}})


===Expansion===
In [[1938]], the [[Eighth Doctor]] and [[Charlotte Pollard|Charley Pollard]] countered an invasion of New York by the Reggins during [[Orson Welles]]' broadcast of ''[[The War of the Worlds]]''. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Invaders from Mars (audio story)}})


During the 19th century, many new states were added to the union as the nation expanded across the continent. Manifest Destiny was a philosophy that encouraged westward expansion in the United States: as the population of the Eastern states grew and as a steady increase of immigrants entered the country, settlers moved steadily westward across North America.
[[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]] agent [[Rex Matheson]] found a record of 22 [[pulp fiction]] [[author]]s in the United States who were potentially [[Victor Podesta]] following his disappearance in 1938. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Gathering (TV story)}})


In the process, the U.S. displaced most Native American nations. This displacement of Native Americans continues to be a matter of contention in the U.S., with many nations attempting to assert their original claims to various lands, citing the Indian relocation acts of [[1830]]. In some areas, Native American populations had been reduced by foreign diseases contracted through contact with European settlers, and U.S. settlers acquired those emptied lands.  
==== 1940s ====
In [[1940]], [[Winston Churchill]] pressured the United States to enter [[World War II]] to help the [[United Kingdom|UK]] defeat Nazi Germany. ([[GAME]]: {{cs|Amy's History Hunt (video game)}}) However, President [[Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] was initially committed to maintaining American neutrality. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Illegal Alien (novel)}})


During this period, the nation also became an industrial power and a center for innovation and technological development.
On [[Sunday]], [[7 December]] [[1941]] the United States entered the war after [[Japan]] attacked the [[United States Navy|US Naval]] Base in [[Pearl Harbor]] in [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Only Connect (short story)}}) The [[Eighth Doctor]] explained the attack woke America from "an isolationist slumber", as it continued to play a big role in world politics even after the war. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Fear Itself (novel)}}) America mobilised her plentiful resources to aid Britain and the [[Soviet Union]], which proved disastrous for Germany. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Just War (novel)}})


By at least [[1943]], a system of [[racial segregation]] was in place in several states, particularly Southern states such as [[Alabama]] and [[Mississippi]]. [[Black people]] and [[Mexico|Mexicans]] were usually forced to use separate facilities from the [[White people|whites]], and in [[Montgomery]], black citizens had to enter and sit at the back of the bus. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Rosa (TV story)}})


In [[1944]], [[film]] [[director]] [[Leonard De Sande]] discovered the [[Selyoid]]s frozen in [[ice]] while filming ''[[The Cold Blooded]]'' in [[Alaska (state)|Alaska]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Dying in the Sun (novel)}})


In [[1947]], a spaceship crash landed at [[Roswell]], [[New Mexico]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Dalek (TV story)}}, {{cs|Dreamland (TV story)}}, [[TV]]: {{cs|Prisoner of the Judoon (TV story)}}) In [[October]] of the same year, Leonard De Sande's film ''[[Dying in the Sun]]'' premiered in [[Los Angeles]] as part of the Selyoid invasion which was foiled by the [[Second Doctor]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Dying in the Sun (novel)}})


==== 1950s ====
In [[1952]], the iconic [[television]] series ''[[This Is Your Life]]'' started in America. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Doctor Who: The Encyclopedia (reference book)}})


[[Racial segregation]] continued to be rampant in many states in the [[1950s]]. [[Emmett Till]] was killed in [[Mississippi]] while on vacation from the north after a "couple words to a white [[woman]]." ([[TV]]: {{cs|Rosa (TV story)}})


On [[1 December]] [[1955]], while travelling home from work, [[civil rights]] [[activist]] [[Rosa Parks]] famously refused to give up her [[bus seat]] when the [[bus]] became crowded, leading to her [[arrest]], an event that the [[Thirteenth Doctor]], [[Ryan Sinclair]], [[Yasmin Khan]], and [[Graham O'Brien]] witnessed. Her arrest led to the [[Montgomery Bus Boycott]], and a further chain of events that would result in the abolition of segregation on Montgomery buses [[1956|a year later]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Rosa (TV story)}})


==Demographics==
In [[1958]], the [[Tenth Doctor]] met [[Cassie Rice]] and [[Jimmy Stalkingwolf]]. They were arrested and taken to Area 51 to have their minds wiped. There they discovered the truth about the Roswell crash and Area 51. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Dreamland (TV story)}})


In [[1959]], the Americans sent their first [[satellite]] up into orbit. Unknown to the public, it actually ended up in [[Wales]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Delta and the Bannermen (TV story)}})


==People and culture==
==== 1960s ====
[[Image:Motherhood and apple pie.jpg|250px|thumb|right|American cultural icons, such as [[apple pie]], [[baseball]], and the [[Flag of the United States|American flag]].]]
[[John F. Kennedy]] was elected president in [[1960]], ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Who Killed Kennedy (novel)}}) the first [[Catholic]] to assume the position. He was [[inauguration|inaugurated]] on [[20 January]] [[1961]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Time Traveller's Diary (novel)}})
{{main|Culture of the United States}}


U.S. popular culture has a significant influence on the rest of the world, especially the [[Western world]]. [[Music of the United States|U.S. music]] is heard all over the world, and it is the sire of such forms as [[blues]], [[jazz]], and [[House music|house]] and had a primary hand in the shaping of modern [[rock and roll]] and [[popular music]] culture. Many famous [[European classical music|Western classical music]]ians and ensembles find their home in the U.S. [[New York City]] is a hub for international [[opera]]tic and [[instrumental]] music as well as the world-famed [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] plays and musicals. [[Nashville]] is the center of the [[country music]] industry. Another export of the last 20 years is [[hip hop music]], which began in New York and is growing in influence as it branches into the fashion, food and drink, and movie industries. New York, [[Seattle]], and [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]] are worldwide leaders in [[graphic design]] and New York and [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] compete with major European cities in the fashion industry.
In the early [[1960s]], the United States confronted the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Cuba]] in the [[Cuban Missile Crisis]]. Fear of [[nuclear war]] during the crisis kept [[Barbara Wright]] awake at night. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|1963 (audio story)}})


[[Cinema of the United States|U.S. movies]] (primarily embodied in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles, California|Hollywood]]) and [[Television of the United States|television]] shows can be seen almost anywhere except the most [[totalitarian]] of places. This is in stark contrast to the early days of the republic, when the country was viewed by Europeans as an agricultural backwater with little to offer the culturally advanced world centers of Asia and Europe.
On [[22 November]] [[1963]], [[Lee Harvey Oswald]] allegedly [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|assassinated]] President Kennedy in [[Dallas]], [[Texas]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Who Killed Kennedy (novel)}}) The [[Ninth Doctor]] was present for this event. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Rose (TV story)}})


Nearing the mid-point of its third century of nationhood, the U.S. plays host to the gamut of human intellectual and artistic endeavor in nearly every major city, offering classical and popular music; historical, scientific and art research centers and museums; dance performances, musicals and plays; outdoor art projects and internationally significant architecture. This development is a result of both contributions by private philanthropists and government funding.
By [[1965]], the United States was conducting research into [[psychic power]]s. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Peshka (audio story)}})


American holidays are variously national and local. Many holidays recognize events or people of importance to the nation's history; as such, they represent significant cultural observance.
The first acknowledged American [[the Moon|Moon]] landing happened on [[20 July]] [[1969]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Blink (TV story)}}, [[PROSE]]: {{cs|Who Killed Kennedy (novel)}})


{{see also|Arts and entertainment in the United States|Media of the United States|Holidays of the United States}}
In [[1969]], the [[Eleventh Doctor]] described [[Washington, D.C.]] as "the most powerful city in the most powerful country on [[Earth]]." At that time, a [[River Song|little girl]] phoned President [[Richard Nixon]], told him about a spaceman that was coming to eat her, and warned him about [[the Silence|monsters]] in the [[White House|oval office]]. President Nixon recruited [[Canton Everett Delaware III]] to find out who the child was, and he was assisted by the Doctor, [[Amy Pond]], [[Rory Williams]], and [[River Song]]. During these events, the Silence were defeated by the Doctor through the use of their own post hypnotic suggestion. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)}}/{{cs|Day of the Moon (TV story)}})


==Largest cities==
=== UNIT era ===
{|align=right
During the [[Cold War]] in the late [[20th century]], America was counted as one of the [[superpower]]s alongside [[Russia]] and [[China]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Robot (TV story)}}) A "[[quarrel]]" between the three powers concerning a [[sphere of influence]] flared up in the [[Near East]], becoming known as the [[Near East Crisis]], which threatened to bring about [[World War III]] before being settled by a [[World Peace Conference]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Doctor Who and the Day of the Daleks (novelisation)}}, [[TV]]: {{cs|Day of the Daleks (TV story)}}) At one point, to avoid warfare, all three superpowers gave their [[destructor code]]s to [[Great Britain]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Robot (TV story)}})
|[[Image:Panorama_clip3.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[New York City, New York]]]]
|-
|[[Image:DowntownLosAngeles.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Los Angeles, California]]]]
|-
|[[Image:Chicagonight.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Chicago, Illinois]]]]
|}
The United States has dozens of major cities, including 11 of the 55 [[global cities]] of all types—with three "alpha" global cities: [[New York City|New York]], [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], and [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]].
The figures expressed below are for populations within city limits. A different ranking is evident when considering [[List of United States metropolitan statistical areas by population|U.S. metro area populations]], although the top three would be unchanged.
Note that some cities not listed (such as [[Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta]], [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Cleveland, Ohio|Cleveland]], [[Las Vegas, Nevada|Las Vegas]], [[Miami, Florida|Miami]], [[New Orleans, Louisiana|New Orleans]], [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]], [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]) are still considered important on the basis of other factors and issues, including culture, economics, heritage, and politics.
The ten largest cities, based on the [[United States Census Bureau|United States Census Bureau's]] 2004 estimates, are as follows:


{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; margin-right:60px"
=== 1970s ===
|-
In [[1970]], [[Melody Pond (Prequel to The Impossible Astronaut)|Melody Pond]] ended up in [[New York City]], dying from a disease, and on the run from the Silence since her escape from them in [[Florida]]. She regenerated to cure herself and continue living, scaring away a [[Tramp (Day of the Moon)|homeless man]] that had been concerned about her health. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Day of the Moon (TV story)}}) This new incarnation of Melody ended up a toddler. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Let's Kill Hitler (TV story)}})
!rowspan=2| Rank
!rowspan=2 align=center |City
!rowspan=2| Population<br><small> within<br>city limits</small>
! rowspan=2| Population<br>Density<br><small> per sq mi</small>
! colspan=2 rowspan=1 |Metropolitan<br>Area
!rowspan=2| Region
|-
!rowspan=1|<small>millions</small>
!rowspan=1|<small>rank</small>
|-
| 1 ||align=left | [[New York City]], [[New York]] || '''8,104,079''' || 26,402.9 ||18.7 ||1|| [[Northeastern United States|Northeast]]
|-
| 2 ||align=left | [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], [[California]] || '''3,845,541''' || 7,876.8 || 12.9||2|| [[Western United States|West]]
|-
| 3 ||align=left | [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]], [[Illinois]] || '''2,862,244''' || 12,750.3 || 9.4 ||3|| [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]]
|-
| 4 ||align=left | [[Houston, Texas|Houston]], [[Texas]] || '''2,012,626''' || 3,371.7 ||5.2 ||7|| [[Southern United States|South]]
|-
| 5 ||align=left | [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]] || '''1,470,151''' || 11,233.6|| 5.8 ||4 || [[Northeastern United States|Northeast]]
|-
| 6 ||align=left | [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], [[Arizona]] || '''1,418,041''' || 2,782.0|| 3.7 ||14 || [[Western United States|West]]
|-
| 7 ||align=left | [[San Diego, California|San Diego]], [[California]] || '''1,263,756''' || 3,771.9 || 2.9 ||17|| [[Western United States|West]]
|-
| 8 ||align=left | [[San Antonio, Texas|San Antonio]], [[Texas]] || '''1,236,249''' || 2,808.5|| 1.8 ||29 || [[Southern United States|South]]
|-
| 9 ||align=left | [[Dallas, Texas|Dallas]], [[Texas]] || '''1,210,393''' || 3,469.9|| 5.7 ||5 || [[Southern United States|South]]
|-
|10 ||align=left | [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], [[California]] || '''904,522''' || 5,117.9|| 1.7 ||30 || [[Western United States|West]]
|}
<br clear=left>
{{see|List of United States cities by population}}
{{seealso|United States metropolitan area}}


==Education==
==== 1990s ====
[[Image:RotundaII.jpg|204px|right|thumb|America's 19 [[World Heritage Site]]s include [[Thomas Jefferson]]'s home at [[Monticello]] and the [[University of Virginia]] ([[The Rotunda (University of Virginia)|original library]], designed by Jefferson, shown above), the only collegiate campus on the list. Both sites are located in [[Charlottesville, Virginia]].]]
The [[Tenth Doctor]] alleged that by [[1994]], the US military would admit that [[Area 51]] existed, having previously denied it. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Dreamland (TV story)}})
{{main|Education in the United States}}


In the United States, education is a state, not federal, responsibility, and the laws and standards vary considerably. However, the federal government, through the [[United States Department of Education|Department of Education]], is involved with funding of some programs and exerts some influence through its ability to control funding. In most states, students are generally obliged to attend mandatory schooling starting with [[kindergarten]], which is normally entered into at age 5, and following through 12th grade, which is normally completed at age 18 (although in some states, students are permitted to drop out upon the age of 16 with the permission of their parents/guardians). Parents may educate their own children at [[homeschooling|home]] (with varying degrees of state oversight), send their children to a [[public school]], which is funded with tax money, or to a [[private school]], where parents must pay [[tuition]]. Public schools are highly decentralized with funding and curriculum decisions taking place mostly at the local level through [[school boards]].
The US had [[airbase]]s in the [[United Kingdom]]. During the [[Martian Invasion of 1997]], [[Home Secretary]] [[David Staines]] wondered what the [[Ice Warrior]]s intended to do with them. Following the invasion, the US was among the powers that made generous [[reconstruction grant]]s to the UK, although Britain would continue to remember their inaction during the Dying Days for some considerable [[year]]s. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Dying Days (novel)}})


After [[high school]], students may choose to continue their schooling at a [[public university|public]]/[[state university]] or a [[private university]]. Public universities receive funding from the federal and state governments, as well as other sources, but students still pay tuition. The amount paid varies depending on the university, state, and whether the student is a resident of the state or not. Tuition at private universities tends to be much higher than at public universities, though financial aid tends to remedy the disparity. It is not uncommon for students to join the workforce or the military before attending college; both the military and many private employers may subsidize post-secondary education. <!--These establishments are oftenly known as 'Military Schools'. -->
In [[June]] [[1999]], [[President of the United States|President]] [[Bill Clinton|Clinton]] gave a [[Congressional Medal]] to Rosa Parks, recognising her as a living icon for freedom. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Rosa (TV story)}})


American [[college]]s and universities range from competitive schools, both private (such as [[Harvard University]] and [[Princeton University]]) and public (such as the [[University of California, Berkeley]] and the [[University of Virginia]]), to hundreds of local [[community college]]s with open admission policies.  
Between [[30 December]] [[1999]] and just after midnight on [[1 January]] [[2000]], the [[Seventh Doctor]] was in [[San Francisco]], where he regenerated into his [[Eighth Doctor|eighth incarnation]], and subsequently prevented {{Roberts}} from causing havoc with time and space on New Year's Eve. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Doctor Who (TV story)}})
{{see|List of colleges and universities in the United States}}


==Transportation==
=== 21st century ===
[[Image:La_city_hwys.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The United States has a sophisticated and well-maintained road network, as seen by this stack [[Interchange (road)|interchange]] in [[Los Angeles, California]].]]
==== 2000s ====
[[Image:NYC_Subway.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The [[New York City Subway]] is the largest [[subway]] system in the United States. This is the entrance to [[Times Square-42nd Street (New York City Subway)|Times Square-42nd Street]] station in [[Manhattan]].]]
By the [[21st century]], ''[[Survivor (TV series)|Survivor]]'' was being made in America. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Have You Seen This Man? (short story)|writer=Unknown}})
{{main|Transportation in the United States}}


Because the [[automobile]] industry took off very early in the United States (when compared to other Western nations), much of the development of U.S. urban areas has taken place around the concept of creating cities and residential areas to suit the needs of road vehicles. The automobile industry was quick to attain influence in government and [[media]] alike, and was also the force behind the dismantling of the electric rail transport systems or [[trolleys]] in over 40 U.S. cities through a subsidiary called [[National City Lines]].
In [[2000]], the [[Eighth Doctor]] visited [[Grace Holloway|Dr. Grace Holloway]] and took her on a trip in [[The Doctor's TARDIS|the TARDIS]]. ([[COMIC]]: {{cs|The Body Politic (comic story)}})
To link its vast territory, the United States built a network of high-capacity, high-speed [[highway]]s, of which the most important element is the [[Interstate Highway]] system. These highways were commissioned in the 1950s by President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] and modeled after the [[Germany|German]] [[Autobahn]]. There is also a [[First Transcontinental Railroad|transcontinental rail system]], which is used for moving freight across the lower forty-eight states. Passenger rail service is provided by [[Amtrak]], which serves forty-six of the lower forty-eight states.


Some cities provide usable [[mass transit|mass-transit]] systems. The largest of them, [[Transportation in New York City|New York]], operates one of the world's most heavily used [[subway]] systems. The [[regional rail]] and bus networks that extend into [[Long Island]], [[New Jersey]], [[Upstate New York]], and [[Connecticut]] are among the most heavily used in the world.
In [[2003]], part of the southern United States formed a 51st state, [[Malebolgia]]. [[Brigham Elisha Dashwood III]], with the aid of the [[Psionovore]] [[Marchosias]], planned to run for Governor of the new state, but was defeated by the [[Eighth Doctor]], [[Charley Pollard]] and [[the Brigadier]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Minuet in Hell (audio story)}})


In comparison to [[Japan]] and [[Europe]], the United States has an underdeveloped rail network. There exists no similar high speed rail links connecting major cities, as the [[TGV]] in France and ICE network in Germany. Ideal candidates for high speed rail links include Northeastern States, Florida, Texas, and California.  
In [[2006]], following the [[London UFO crash]], ([[TV]]: {{cs|Aliens of London (TV story)}}, {{cs|World War Three (TV story)}}, etc.) [[Mickey Smith|Mickey]] stated on [[Who is Doctor Who?|his website]] that [[Henry Van Statten]] was a US [[dotcom]] giant. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Henry Van Statten (short story)}})


Further Information: [[High-speed rail in the United States]]
There was a [[Budweiser trademark dispute|legal battle]] between the Americans and the [[Czech Republic]] over who [[brewing|brewed]] [[Budweiser]] [[beer]] first. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Slow Decay (novel)}})


[[Air travel]] is the preferred means of travel for long distances. In terms of passengers, seventeen of the world's thirty busiest [[airports]] in 2004 were in the U.S., including the world's busiest, [[Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport]]. In terms of cargo, in the same year, twelve of the world's thirty busiest airports were in the U.S., including the world's busiest, [[Memphis International Airport]]. There are several major [[seaport]]s in the United States; the three busiest are the [[Port of Los Angeles]], [[California]]; the [[Port of Long Beach]], [[California]]; and the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey|Port of New York and New Jersey]]. Others include [[Duluth, Minnesota|Duluth]], [[Minnesota]]; [[Houston, Texas|Houston]], [[Texas]]; [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]], [[South Carolina]]; [[Savannah, Georgia|Savannah]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]; [[Miami, Florida|Miami]], [[Florida]]; [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]]; [[Oakland, California|Oakland]], [[California]]; [[Boston, Massachusetts|Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]; [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]; and [[Seattle, Washington|Seattle]], [[Washington]]; plus, outside the contiguous forty-eight states, [[Anchorage, Alaska|Anchorage]], [[Alaska]], and [[Honolulu, Hawaii|Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]].
By [[2007]], [[H.C. Clements]] had an office in the USA. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Runaway Bride (TV story)}})
<br style="clear:both;" />


==Sports==
In the [[2000s]],{{note|see [[Aliens of London dating controversy]]}} {{Simm}}, the new [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom]], announced [[first contact]] with the [[Toclafane]], who he described as a friendly form of alien life. The United States sent President [[Arthur Winters]] to come to the ''[[Valiant (aircraft carrier)|Valiant]]'' and take charge, whereupon the Toclafane killed him. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Sound of Drums (TV story)}})
[[Image:College_Football_CSU_AF.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[American football]] is one of the most popular [[spectator sport]]s in the United States.]]
[[Image:Busch_Stadium.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A [[baseball]] game at the old [[Busch Stadium]].]]
{{main|Sports in the United States}}
The [[major league|major]] team [[sport]]s in America are home-grown. [[American football]], [[baseball]] (often called "The National Pastime"), and [[basketball]], are the top three main sports in America. [[Ice hockey]] is also popular in the U.S., especially in the [[Upper Midwest]] and [[Northeastern United States|Northeast]]. Although it is currently one of the most played sports amongst American youth, [[football (soccer)|soccer]] does not have a particularly large following in the U.S. in contrast to its extreme popularity in most other countries. Nevertheless, the U.S. did host the [[Football World Cup|World Cup]] in 1994 and the [[Women's Football World Cup|Women's World Cup]] in 1999 and 2003. Professional sports in America is very big business and its athletes are very well compensated. The majority of the world's highest paid athletes play team sports in America [http://www.forbes.com/2004/06/23/04athletesland.html].


The US also hosts large followings of traditional European sporting events. [[Horse racing]] is popular as a gambling event and the United States hosts several world renowned horse racing events, including the [[Kentucky Derby]]. [[Rugby Union]] has also established itself as a popular sport with a loyal following. Other European sports such as [[polo]] and [[cricket]], while not popular, do attract players and have established leagues.
On [[Christmas Day]] in the 2000s,{{note|see [[Aliens of London dating controversy]]}} supposed [[Earthonomics]] expert [[Copper (Voyage of the Damned)|Mr Copper]] was under the impression that "Ham Erica" was at [[war]] with the nations of [[Europe]]y. The [[Tenth Doctor]] corrected him with "not yet", but admitted that he could "argue that one". ([[TV]]: {{cs|Voyage of the Damned (TV story)}})


The United States hosts some of the premier events in other sports such as [[golf]] (including three of the four [[Major Championships|majors]]), and [[tennis]] (the [[U.S. Open (tennis)|U.S. Open]]).
In the 2000s,{{note|see [[Aliens of London dating controversy]]}} the [[New Dalek Empire]] attacked New York. The [[Dalek]]s destroyed the [[UNIT North America|UNIT]] [[UNIT HQ, New York City|New York Headquarters]] and killed most of the staff, including [[General]] [[Sanchez]] and [[Suzanne (The Stolen Earth)|Suzanne]], although [[Martha Jones]] escaped thanks to [[Project Indigo]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Stolen Earth (TV story)}})


In the 20th century, the United States became the center of the two most popular Western [[combat sport]]s&mdash;[[boxing]], which is popular as both a [[spectator sport]] and a gambling event, and [[professional wrestling]], which is more scripted entertainment than a true sport. The United States has produced many champion boxers who have become public figures in their own right. Other combat sports based on [[Asia|Asian]] martial arts, such as [[karate]] competitions, maintain large national leagues and hold frequent competitions.
In [[2009]], [[Colonel]] [[Augustus Oduya]] noted, among other places across [[Earth]], America to have witnessed every [[human]] [[child]] [[the 456|being compelled]] to suddenly stop and proclaim their message: "we are coming" at 8:40AM [[GMT]] on a [[Wednesday]] in [[September]], despite most of the population being a[[sleep]] at that time. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Children of Earth: Day One (TV story)}}) Angered that the [[British government]] had conducted secret negotiations with an alien race known as the 456, the President sent [[General]] [[Austin Pierce]] to [[London]] to convey his utmost fury at the matter. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Children of Earth: Day Three (TV story)}}) Austin, seeing the British government as responsible for the problem, took over the operation of handing over 10% of the world's children to the 456. [[British Prime Minister]] [[Brian Green]] later considered this "lucky": they could blame America. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Children of Earth: Day Five (TV story)}})


The number of gun owners in America has given widespread popularity to [[shooting sports]] as an amateur pastime. Competitions on marksmanship and other firearm related skills are a regular feature at many shooting ranges. Several organizations (such as the [[National Rifle Association]]) maintain national leagues or participate in international leagues such as the [[ISSF]]. The United States also developed a unique shooting sport in the 1980s called [[cowboy action shooting]].
==== 2010s ====
In [[2011]], [[Carter (Let's Kill Hitler)|Carter]] sent letters written by the [[Eleventh Doctor]] to [[River Song]], [[Amy Pond]], [[Rory Williams]], [[Canton Everett Delaware III]], and the Doctor's younger self, asking them (bar the Doctor himself) to meet the Doctor in [[Lake Silencio]] in [[Utah]]. When they arrived the Doctor told Amy, River and Rory that they would have to go to "space, 1969." After Canton arrived, the Doctor, actually a [[Teselecta]] decoy, was shot by a younger version of River. Canton informed the others that the Doctor was really dead, and they cremated his supposed body. After Amy, Rory, and River found the Doctor's younger self, they travelled back in time to [[8 April]] [[1969]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)}}, {{cs|The Wedding of River Song (TV story)}})


The three popular [[Boardsport|board-based recreational sports]]&mdash;[[surfboarding]], [[skateboarding]], and [[snowboarding]]&mdash;were created in the United States. While first practiced by native [[Hawaiians]], Americans were almost solely responsible for creating surfboarding's worldwide popularity. Skateboarding and snowboarding are completely modern American inventions, and all three have given rise to national competitions and a large dedicated subculture. Snowboarding is the only one of the three to become an Olympic event, beginning with the [[Winter Olympics]] in 1998.
During the [[2010s]] invasion of [[Earth]] by [[Parallel universe (Telepresence)|parallel universe]] [[Cyberman|Cybermen]], America was among the places where they landed. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Master of Worlds (audio story)}})


Eight [[Olympic Games]] have been hosted in the United States. U.S. generally fares fairly well in them, especially the [[Summer Olympic Games|Summer Olympics]]: in 2004, the U.S. topped the [[2004 Summer Olympics medal count|medals table]] with a record 103 medals (35 gold, 39 silver and 29 bronze). {{see|United States at the Olympics}}
In [[2015]], relations between the United States and [[Cuba]] remained tense. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Eight Truths (audio story)}})


During times of extreme popularity certain teams have been (unofficially) crowned "America's team." The [[Boston Red Sox]], [[New York Yankees]], the [[Chicago Bulls]], and the [[Dallas Cowboys]] are examples of teams that have reached this status.
Also in 2015, the USA-Mexican border was among the places where newly-hatched [[Zygon]]s were settled across the world as part of [[Operation Double]], resulting in a minority of Zygons residing in [[New Mexico]] under the pretence of being [[British]] migrants. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Zygon Invasion (TV story)}})


American [[college sports]] are nearly as popular as professional sports, particularly [[college football]] and [[college basketball]]. American colleges often support wide-ranging sports programs, including [[track and field]] and more eclectic sports such as [[water polo]]. Similarly, many American [[high schools]] maintain extensive sports programs, and in some areas of the country, high school football and basketball competitions are major local events.
The [[World Zone Authority]] was headquartered in the old United Nations building in New York. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Enemy of the World (TV story)}})


==See also==
==== Mid 21st century ====
{{main|List of United States-related topics}}
In the 2030s, the United States was a rival of the [[Eurozone]]. During the [[Felix Mather]] presidency, both blocs sent peacekeeping forces to [[North Africa]]. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Trading Futures (novel)}})
{{US_topics}}
{{United States 2}}


==International rankings==
Circa [[2037]] the [[Wars of Independence]] broke up the United States. Terrorists destroyed the city of [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], [[Arizona]] using a [[Tesla bomb]]. It was turned into a massive crater which came to be known as the "Phoenix Sandbowl". ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Alien Bodies (novel)}})
* United Nations Human Development Index, ranked 10 out of 177
[[List of countries by Human Development Index]]
* [[A.T. Kearney]]/[[Foreign Policy|Foreign Policy Magazine]]: [http://www.atkearney.com/main.taf?p=5,4,1,116 Globalization Index 2005], ranked 4 out of 62 countries
* [[IMD International]]: [http://www01.imd.ch/wcy/ World Competitiveness Yearbook 2005], ranked 1 out of 60 economies (countries and regions)
* [[OECD]]: [[Programme for International Student Assessment]] (2003 PISA[http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2005/2005003.pdf]), Ranked 24th of 38 in mathematics, 19th of 38 in science, 12th of 38 in reading, and 26th of 38 in problem solving.
* [[Reporters without borders]]: [http://www.rsf.org/rubrique.php3?id_rubrique=554 Fourth annual worldwide press freedom index (2005)], ranked 44 (American territory) & 137 (in Iraq) out of 167 countries
* [[Save the Children]]: [http://www.savethechildren.org/mothers/report_2005/ State of the World's Mothers 2005], ranked 11 out of 110 countries
* [[The Wall Street Journal]]: [http://www.heritage.org/research/features/index/ 2005] [[Index of Economic Freedom]], ranked 12 out of 155 countries
* [[The Economist]]: [http://www.economist.com/theworldin/international/displayStory.cfm?story_id=3372495&d=2005 The World in 2005 - Worldwide quality-of-life index, 2005], ranked 13 out of 111 countries
* [[Transparency International]]: [http://ww1.transparency.org/cpi/2005/2005.10.18.cpi.en.html Corruption Perceptions Index 2005], ranked 17 out of 146 countries
* [[World Economic Forum]]: [http://www.weforum.org/site/homepublic.nsf/Content/Global+Competitiveness+Programme\Global+Competitiveness+Report Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005 - Growth Competitiveness Index Ranking], ranked 2 out of 104 countries
* [[Yale University|Yale University Center for Environmental Law and Policy]] and [[Columbia University|Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network]]: [http://www.yale.edu/esi/ESI2005_Main_Report.pdf Index of Environmental Sustainability Index], ranked 45 out of 146 countries.


==Notes==
The [[2040s]] saw destructive super-storms sweep America as a result of climate change. [[Andy Stone (The Waters of Mars)|Andy Stone's]] farming commune in [[Iowa]] pioneered ways of growing crops in the new conditions and these went global in [[2045]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Waters of Mars (TV story)}})
Detailed references available in a subpage [[United States/References]].


# {{note|America}} In U.S. society, ''America'' is most commonly used to describe the United States and less often to refer to the [[Americas|American]] continent&mdash;[[North America|North]] and [[South America]]. The latter usage is most common in the rest of the world. ''[[Use of the word American|American]]'' as a noun to describe an inhabitant or a citizen or national of the United States, and as an adjective meaning "of the United States," has no straightforward unambiguous synonym in [[English language|English]], although is geographically and historically incorrect. Many [[Use of the word American|other words for ''American'']] have been proposed, but none has been widely accepted.
America had a female [[President of the United States|president]] in 2049. While [[NASA]] still existed, it had been so long since they had gone beyond Earth's orbit that they had to refit an old 20th century shuttle to reach the moon. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Kill the Moon (TV story)}})
:* ''See also: [[Americas (terminology)]]''


==External links==
In [[2054]], the [[Montana Republican Militia]] bought [[thermosystron bomb]]s from the [[Selachian]]s and tried to invade Canada. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Alien Bodies (novel)}})
{{portal}}
{{sisterlinks|United States}}


===United States government===
America was part of the multinational [[Bowie Base One]] mission on Mars in [[2058]]-[[2059]]. Andy Stone, [[Mia Bennett]], and [[Roman Groom]] were part of the American team. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Waters of Mars (TV story)}})
*[http://www.whitehouse.gov White House] - Official site of the U.S. President
*[http://www.senate.gov Senate] - Official site of the United States Senate
*[http://www.house.gov House] - Official site of the United States House of Representatives
*[http://www.supremecourtus.gov Supreme Court] - Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[http://www.unitedstates.org United States] - Links to official United States sites
*[http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/us.html CIA World Factbook Entry for United States]
*[http://www.firstgov.gov Official website of the United States government] - Gateway to governmental sites
*[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/homepage.htm Portrait of the United States] - Published by the United States Information Agency, September 1997.
*[http://nationalatlas.gov/ The National Atlas of the United States.]
*[http://www.theusaonline.com United States]
*[http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Updated regularly by U.S. Bureau of the Census.
*[http://vlib.iue.it/history/USA/ WWW-VL: United States History Index]


===Other===
==== Late 21st century ====
*[http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical Documents]
Due to the [[Myloki]] conflict of 2066-8 (in which New York City was destroyed by dirty bombs), by [[2096]] America was split into the warring [[North American Legion]] and [[Deep Southern States]], with the [[Texas Republic]] selling weapons to both sides. [[Seattle]] was one of several independent city-states operating a slave-based economy. A large number of Americans served in [[SILOET]].
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm Info links for each state]
*[http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm National Motto: History and Constitutionality]
*[http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html Historicalstatistics.org] - Links to historical statistics of USA
*[http://www.countymapsusa.com/ County Maps of the United States]
*[http://imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2005/02/data/dbcoutm.cfm?SD=2002&ED=2006&R1=1&R2=1&CS=3&SS=2&OS=C&DD=0&OUT=1&C=512-941-914-446-612-666-614-672-311-946-213-137-911-962-193-674-122-676-912-548-313-556-419-678-513-181-316-682-913-684-124-273-339-921-638-948-514-686-218-688-963-518-616-728-223-558-516-138-918-353-748-196-618-278-522-692-622-694-156-142-624-449-626-564-628-283-228-853-924-288-233-293-632-566-636-964-634-182-238-453-662-968-960-922-423-714-935-862-128-716-611-456-321-722-243-965-248-718-469-724-253-576-642-936-643-961-939-813-644-199-819-184-172-524-132-361-646-362-648-364-915-732-134-366-652-734-174-144-328-146-258-463-656-528-654-923-336-738-263-578-268-537-532-742-944-866-176-369-534-744-536-186-429-925-178-746-436-926-136-466-343-112-158-111-439-298-916-927-664-846-826-299-542-582-443-474-917-754-544-698&S=PPPWGT-PPPPC&CMP=0&x=78&y=11 IMF, U.S. ranks second in PPP GDP and first in PPP GDP]


{{USRegions}}
When the Myloki returned, [[Atlanta]] was one of the areas hit with their blight. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Indestructible Man (novel)}})
{{US ties}}
{{G8}}


[[Category:Earth]]
=== Fall ===
By [[2118]], America and Europe had been using [[Africa]] to grow new foodstuffs for their populations. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|The Art of Destruction (novel)}})
 
In [[2146]] America's economy collapsed, causing food riots. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Lucifer Rising (novel)}}) This, or perhaps a later economic meltdown, was abated by the [[Conglomerate]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Sands of Life (audio story)}})
 
When the [[Dalek]]s invaded [[Earth]] in [[2157]], [[New York City]] was destroyed. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Chase (TV story)}}) It would not be fully repaired for decades. ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Salvation (novel)}}; [[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Return of the Rocket Men (audio story)}})
 
=== 26th century ===
Probably well before the mid 26th century, much of what was once the southern [[United States]] had sunk under the "[[Mississippi Sea]]". ([[PROSE]]: {{cs|Home (BFBS short story)}})
 
== Legacy ==
In the 26th century the White House, which had been the residence for the president of the United States, had become the residence for the President of Earth. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Scorpius (audio story)}})
 
At one point, America was home to one of the five ioniser bases keeping back the glaciers of the second Ice Age. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Ice Warriors (TV story)}})
 
By the [[51st century]], America seemed to be unheard of by some humans. When [[River Song]] escaped from the [[Stormcage Containment Facility]], she announced she was heading to America, which a [[prison guard (The Impossible Astronaut)|prison guard]] mistook as a [[planet]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)}})
 
: ''The date of River's escape was unknown in The Impossible Astronaut, but as the date of her escape in ''[[The Pandorica Opens (TV story)|The Pandorica Opens]]'' was [[5145]], it seems likely her second escape was also in the 52nd century.''
 
By [[200100]], the USA was part of the [[New American Alliance]]. When the [[Dalek]]s attacked, most of the population was killed and the terrain was drastically altered. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Parting of the Ways (TV story)}})
 
The American city of New York became one of the most important cities in human history. Versions of New York city continued to exist for billions of years. ([[TV]]: {{cs|New Earth (TV story)}}, {{cs|Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)}})
 
== People and culture ==
U.S. popular culture had a significant influence on the rest of the Earth during the [[20th century|20th]] and [[21st century|21st centuries]], especially in the Western world. U.S. music was heard all over the world, and included such forms as [[blues]], [[jazz]] and [[rock and roll]]. As late as the final destruction of [[Earth]] during the expansion of its [[Sol|Sun]], much of this music was still considered among the greatest ever composed by [[human]]ity. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The End of the World (TV story)}})
 
{{Simm|n=The Master}} cited [[Uncle Sam]] and [[grits]] as American things. ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Sound of Drums (TV story)}})
 
American DJs were well liked by the [[DJ (Revelation of the Daleks)|DJ]] of [[Tranquil Repose]], who based his style of presentation on them. [[Peri Brown]] thought of "Tranquil Repose" as the sort of name for a place in America; the [[Sixth Doctor]] agreed but thought America did not have a monopoly on bad taste. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Revelation of the Daleks (TV story)}})
 
[[Firearm|Guns]] were readily available in the US. The [[Sixth Doctor]] joked that Americans gave away guns with [[breakfast]] [[cereal]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Shield of the Jötunn (audio story)}})
 
=== Languages ===
The United States was home to a variety of languages, including [[English language|English]] ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Gunfighters (TV story)}}, {{cs|Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)}}, {{cs|The New World (TV story)}}, et al.) and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Dollhouse (audio story)}})
 
=== Economy ===
By the 20th century, the United States had a decimal currency. ([[TV]]: {{cs|An Unearthly Child (TV story)|namedep=An Unearthly Child (1)}})
 
=== Companions and Time Lords ===
* The Doctor had the company of American companions from time to time, most notably [[Peri Brown]] ([[TV]]: {{cs|Planet of Fire (TV story)}} to [[TV]]: {{cs|Mindwarp (TV story)}}) and Dr. [[Grace Holloway]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Doctor Who (TV story)}}) He also had two companions from [[New Mexico]] in [[1958]], [[Cassie Rice]] and [[Jimmy Stalkingwolf]], ([[TV]]: {{cs|Dreamland (TV story)}}) and two from [[New York City]], [[Gabby Gonzalez]] and [[Cindy Wu]]. ([[COMIC]]: {{cs|Revolutions of Terror (comic story)}})
* [[The Master]] once briefly appropriated the body of an [[Bruce Gerhardt|American paramedic]] ([[TV]]: {{cs|Doctor Who (TV story)}}) and later became Barack Obama, American president (along with every other person on earth). ([[TV]]: {{cs|The End of Time (TV story)}})
* Though he was from the [[Boeshane Peninsula]] in the [[51st century]], Captain [[Jack Harkness]] had an American accent, as did his father and brother. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Adam (TV story)}})
 
== Largest cities ==
[[New York City]] was destroyed during the [[2150s Dalek invasion of Earth]], ([[TV]]: {{cs|The Chase (TV story)}}) while [[Los Angeles]] was still a major global centre in the early years of the [[Earth Empire]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Frontier in Space (TV story)}})
 
== US states ==
{{main|State#United States}}
 
== Other realities ==
=== Alternate timelines ===
In an [[alternate timeline]] in which [[Nazi]] [[Germany]] won [[World War II]] as a result of the [[Seventh Doctor]] and [[Ace]] accidentally leaving laser technology in [[Colditz Castle]] in [[October]] [[1944]], the Nazi scientists were able to refine [[uranium]] and create [[nuclear weapon]]s. They subsequently bombed [[New York City]], forcing the surrender of the United States and winning the war for Germany. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Klein's Story (audio story)}})
 
In an alternative timeline created by the [[Great Old One|Elder Gods]] in the hope of destroying [[Earth]], [[World War III]] broke out on [[9 November]] [[1989]] between the United States and its allies, and the [[Soviet Union]]. Given that nuclear weapons were used by both sides, hundreds of millions of people were killed in the conflict. This timeline was ultimately negated by the Seventh Doctor. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Protect and Survive (audio story)}})
 
In an [[Alternate timeline (The Death of Captain Jack)|alternate timeline]] in which [[John Hart]] [[married]] [[Queen]] [[Victoria]] in the late [[19th century]], he manipulated her into using the resources of the [[Torchwood Institute]] to reclaim the United States as part of the [[British Empire]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Death of Captain Jack (audio story)}})
 
=== Parallel universes ===
In a [[Parallel universe (The Flood)|parallel universe]] where Earth was affected by rapid [[Global warming|climate change]] caused by an extraterrestrial force, the United States was part of [[the Big Six]], with government officials knowing the truth about global warming. The country was governed by a female [[President (The Flood)|president]]. ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|The Flood (RTDC audio story)}})
 
In the [[Unbound Universe]], [[Unbound Master|the Master]] recalled that the [[Mars Probe 7|Probe 7]] disaster had left "a line of mile wide craters across America". ([[AUDIO]]: {{cs|Sympathy for the Devil (audio story)}})
 
=== Unclear ===
In [[parallel world (Turn Left)|a parallel world]], given [[England (Turn Left)|England]]'s irradiated landscape, the [[March of the Adipose]] took place in America, with sixty million Americans being dissolved into [[fat]]. ([[TV]]: {{cs|Turn Left (TV story)}})
 
== Behind the scenes ==
* Despite the franchise's popularity in the US, since 1963 only a handful of TV episodes have featured scenes set within the US, and to date there have only been nine TV stories set in their entirety in that country:
*# ''[[The Gunfighters (TV story)|The Gunfighters]]'', set in [[Arizona]] (the only story of the classic 1963-89 series set entirely in the US)
*# [[Doctor Who (TV story)|The 1996 TV movie]], set in [[California]]
*# ''[[Dalek (TV story)|Dalek]]'', set in [[Utah]]
*# ''[[Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)|Daleks in Manhattan]]'' / ''[[Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)|Evolution of the Daleks]]'', set in [[New York]]
*# ''[[Dreamland (TV story)|Dreamland]]'', set in [[Nevada]]
*# ''[[The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)|The Impossible Astronaut]]'' / ''[[Day of the Moon (TV story)|Day of the Moon]]'', set in [[Utah]], [[Washington DC]], [[Florida]], [[New York]], and [[Nevada]]
*# ''[[A Town Called Mercy (TV story)|A Town Called Mercy]]'', set in [[Nevada]]
*# ''[[The Angels Take Manhattan (TV story)|The Angels Take Manhattan]]'', set in [[New York]]
*# ''[[Rosa (TV story)|Rosa]]'', set in [[Alabama]]
[[file:United States map Dalek.jpg|thumb|[[Map]] of the United States ([[TV]]: ''[[Dalek (TV story)|Dalek]]'')]]
* A map of the United States is shown in the episode ''[[Dalek (TV story)|Dalek]]'', set in the then [[future]] [[year]] of [[2012]]. However, it contains some notable errors:
** [[Vermont]], [[New Hampshire]], [[Massachusetts]], [[Connecticut]], and [[Rhode Island]] are shown as one state.
** [[New Jersey]], [[Delaware]], and [[Maryland]] are also shown as one state.
** The Upper Peninsula of [[Michigan]] is completely missing.
* In the mid-1980s, plans were made to film part of ''[[The Two Doctors (TV story)|The Two Doctors]]'' in the US, possibly in the vicinity of New Orleans. This plan was cancelled and the serial was filmed in Spain, instead. For most of ''Doctor Who''{{'}}s history, no story had undertaken major filming within the United States (the 1996 telefilm, though set in [[San Francisco]], was filmed in [[Vancouver]], [[Canada]]); some second-unit filming occurred for ''[[Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)|Daleks in Manhattan]]'', but nothing involving the main cast. No major filming in America occurred until autumn 2010, when key scenes for ''[[The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)|The Impossible Astronaut]]'', ''[[Day of the Moon (TV story)|Day of the Moon]]'', and ''[[The Wedding of River Song (TV story)|The Wedding of River Song]]'' were filmed in [[Utah]].
* [[Dapol]], which produced a range of toys based on the classic series of ''[[Doctor Who]]'', released an original [[Dalek]] variant (W008-USA) exclusive to the American market, coloured in [[red]], [[white]] and [[blue]] to match the American [[flag]].
 
== Footnotes ==
{{Notelist}}
 
{{USA}}
{{Nations}}
 
[[ro:Statele Unite ale Americii]]
[[Category:United States of America| ]]
[[Category:Nations from the real world]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the First Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Second Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Third Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Fourth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Fifth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Sixth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Seventh Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Eighth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Ninth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Tenth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Eleventh Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Twelfth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Thirteenth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Fourteenth Doctor]]
[[Category:Nations visited by River Song]]
[[Category:Nations visited by Iris Wildthyme]]
[[Category:Nations visited by Bernice Summerfield]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Master]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Old Master]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Bruce Master]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the War Master]]
[[Category:Nations visited by Missy]]
[[Category:Nations visited by the Spy Master]]
[[Category:Nations visited by Chris Cwej]]

Latest revision as of 11:27, 15 September 2024

United States of America

You may be looking for the ship.

The United States of America, commonly the US, USA, America, or just the States, was a nation located in North America on the planet Earth. Its head of state and head of government was an elected president, chosen by general election every four years.

There were fifty-one states by 2003, (AUDIO: Minuet in Hell [+]Loading...["Minuet in Hell (audio story)"], Neverland [+]Loading...["Neverland (audio story)"], The Fall of the House of Pollard [+]Loading...["The Fall of the House of Pollard (audio story)"], PROSE: Rise of the Dominator [+]Loading...["Rise of the Dominator (novel)"]) or only fifty, though it was widely believed as a result of the Mandela Effect that there were fifty-two, which Professor Maxwell Grey attributed to time being rewritten. (PROSE: The Mandela Effect, Or Monsters on the Streets of London [+]Loading...["The Mandela Effect, Or Monsters on the Streets of London (short story)"])

Supposed Earthonomics expert Mr Copper mistakenly referred to the nation as "Ham Erica". (TV: Voyage of the Damned [+]Loading...["Voyage of the Damned (TV story)"])

History[[edit] | [edit source]]

A map showing the eastern United States relative to the Atlantic Ocean. (TV: War of the Sontarans [+]Loading...["War of the Sontarans (TV story)"])

Early history[[edit] | [edit source]]

Prior to British settlement, the United States was primarily inhabited by Native Americans. (PROSE: Peacemaker [+]Loading...["Peacemaker (novel)"])

In the 1620s, Dutch colonists established the town of New Amsterdam, which became a city in 1653. Eleven years later, New Amsterdam was attacked and taken by the English, who renamed it New York. (PROSE: The Time Traveller's Almanac [+]Loading...["The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)"])

The North Carolina colony was established by 1711, when Thomas Cary served as deputy governor. When Edward Hyde was appointed to take his place, Cary refused to give up his position, leading to Cary's rebellion. (COMIC: Hidden Human History [+]Loading...["Hidden Human History (comic story)"])

The Ninth Doctor claimed to have participated in the Boston Tea Party. (TV: The Unquiet Dead [+]Loading...["The Unquiet Dead (TV story)"])

In 1775, the American Revolutionary War against colonial rule by Britain began. The First Rani was present at some point during this conflict, and extracted brain chemicals from soldiers, using the violence to conceal her presence. (TV: The Mark of the Rani [+]Loading...["The Mark of the Rani (TV story)"])

The American founding fathers included, among others, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. (AUDIO: The Founding Fathers [+]Loading...["The Founding Fathers (audio story)"], TV: The Impossible Astronaut [+]Loading...["The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)"])

19th century[[edit] | [edit source]]

American Civil War[[edit] | [edit source]]

The American Civil War, which took place during 1862, was a conflict from which soldiers were kidnapped by the War Lords for use in their war games. (TV: The War Games [+]Loading...["The War Games (TV story)"])

While testing the temporal interocitor, Nyssa accidentally ended up in the Civil War during a battle in Virginia. There, she met a black Confederate soldier named Floyd, one of several people throughout history who'd been hearing the voices of Daleks all his life as part of their plan to make humanity more susceptible to Dalek ideals and enslave them. He assisted in thwarting this plan. (AUDIO: Renaissance of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Renaissance of the Daleks (audio story)"])

Peri Brown and Erimem were separated from the Fifth Doctor after materialising in the Civil War. They witnessed its brutality first-hand. (PROSE: Blood and Hope [+]Loading...["Blood and Hope (novel)"])

On 14 April 1865, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in Ford's Theatre in Washington DC. (AUDIO: Assassin in the Limelight [+]Loading...["Assassin in the Limelight (audio story)"])

Settling the West[[edit] | [edit source]]

The First Doctor and his companions once found themselves engaged in a particularly infamous and bloody incident known as the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. (TV: The Gunfighters [+]Loading...["The Gunfighters (TV story)"]) The Tenth Doctor and Martha Jones landed in Redwater sometime in the 1880s and faced down the Clades. (PROSE: Peacemaker [+]Loading...["Peacemaker (novel)"])

Late 19th century[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 1886, the USA received the Statue of Liberty as a donation from the people of France; the statue was placed on Liberty Island to greet travellers entering New York State by New York Harbor. (PROSE: The Time Traveller's Almanac [+]Loading...["The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)"])

20th century[[edit] | [edit source]]

1910s[[edit] | [edit source]]

America was involved in World War I. Initially, their involvement was limited to volunteers on the Western Front. (AUDIO: The Great War [+]Loading...["The Great War (audio story)"]) However, the sinking of the RMS Lusitania at the hands of the U-20 on 7 May 1915 helped provoke the United States into entering the war two years later. (AUDIO: The Sirens of Time [+]Loading...["The Sirens of Time (audio story)"]) It was in April of 1917 that America joined the fight against Germany, hastening the end of the conflict the following year. (PROSE: The Time Traveller's Almanac [+]Loading...["The Time Traveller's Almanac (reference book)"]) Among the Americans who served were Solomon and Diagoras. (TV: Daleks in Manhattan [+]Loading...["Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)"])

1920s[[edit] | [edit source]]

The 1920s were described by the Tenth Doctor as the Roaring Twenties. As he claimed, New York was a boom town during this time, before Herbert Hoover took office as President of the United States in 1929. (TV: Daleks in Manhattan [+]Loading...["Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)"])

1930s[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 1930, the Tenth Doctor and Martha Jones went to New York City where they found the Cult of Skaro. Many New York citizens were killed by the Cult after it tried to make them into a new form of Dalek-human as part of the Final Experiment. (TV: Daleks in Manhattan [+]Loading...["Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)"]/Evolution of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)"])

In the early 1930s, following the onset of the Great Depression, a recovering inter-war Germany began to feel abused and neglected by the United States. With the coming of Hitler and the Nazis, Jewish scientists Albert Einstein and Fritz Haber fled to the safety of the US. Haber died there in 1934. (AUDIO: The Alchemists [+]Loading...["The Alchemists (audio story)"])

In 1938, the Eighth Doctor and Charley Pollard countered an invasion of New York by the Reggins during Orson Welles' broadcast of The War of the Worlds. (AUDIO: Invaders from Mars [+]Loading...["Invaders from Mars (audio story)"])

CIA agent Rex Matheson found a record of 22 pulp fiction authors in the United States who were potentially Victor Podesta following his disappearance in 1938. (TV: The Gathering [+]Loading...["The Gathering (TV story)"])

1940s[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 1940, Winston Churchill pressured the United States to enter World War II to help the UK defeat Nazi Germany. (GAME: Amy's History Hunt [+]Loading...["Amy's History Hunt (video game)"]) However, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was initially committed to maintaining American neutrality. (PROSE: Illegal Alien [+]Loading...["Illegal Alien (novel)"])

On Sunday, 7 December 1941 the United States entered the war after Japan attacked the US Naval Base in Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii. (PROSE: Only Connect [+]Loading...["Only Connect (short story)"]) The Eighth Doctor explained the attack woke America from "an isolationist slumber", as it continued to play a big role in world politics even after the war. (PROSE: Fear Itself [+]Loading...["Fear Itself (novel)"]) America mobilised her plentiful resources to aid Britain and the Soviet Union, which proved disastrous for Germany. (PROSE: Just War [+]Loading...["Just War (novel)"])

By at least 1943, a system of racial segregation was in place in several states, particularly Southern states such as Alabama and Mississippi. Black people and Mexicans were usually forced to use separate facilities from the whites, and in Montgomery, black citizens had to enter and sit at the back of the bus. (TV: Rosa [+]Loading...["Rosa (TV story)"])

In 1944, film director Leonard De Sande discovered the Selyoids frozen in ice while filming The Cold Blooded in Alaska. (PROSE: Dying in the Sun [+]Loading...["Dying in the Sun (novel)"])

In 1947, a spaceship crash landed at Roswell, New Mexico. (TV: Dalek [+]Loading...["Dalek (TV story)"], Dreamland [+]Loading...["Dreamland (TV story)"], TV: Prisoner of the Judoon [+]Loading...["Prisoner of the Judoon (TV story)"]) In October of the same year, Leonard De Sande's film Dying in the Sun premiered in Los Angeles as part of the Selyoid invasion which was foiled by the Second Doctor. (PROSE: Dying in the Sun [+]Loading...["Dying in the Sun (novel)"])

1950s[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 1952, the iconic television series This Is Your Life started in America. (PROSE: Doctor Who: The Encyclopedia [+]Loading...["Doctor Who: The Encyclopedia (reference book)"])

Racial segregation continued to be rampant in many states in the 1950s. Emmett Till was killed in Mississippi while on vacation from the north after a "couple words to a white woman." (TV: Rosa [+]Loading...["Rosa (TV story)"])

On 1 December 1955, while travelling home from work, civil rights activist Rosa Parks famously refused to give up her bus seat when the bus became crowded, leading to her arrest, an event that the Thirteenth Doctor, Ryan Sinclair, Yasmin Khan, and Graham O'Brien witnessed. Her arrest led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and a further chain of events that would result in the abolition of segregation on Montgomery buses a year later. (TV: Rosa [+]Loading...["Rosa (TV story)"])

In 1958, the Tenth Doctor met Cassie Rice and Jimmy Stalkingwolf. They were arrested and taken to Area 51 to have their minds wiped. There they discovered the truth about the Roswell crash and Area 51. (TV: Dreamland [+]Loading...["Dreamland (TV story)"])

In 1959, the Americans sent their first satellite up into orbit. Unknown to the public, it actually ended up in Wales. (TV: Delta and the Bannermen [+]Loading...["Delta and the Bannermen (TV story)"])

1960s[[edit] | [edit source]]

John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960, (PROSE: Who Killed Kennedy [+]Loading...["Who Killed Kennedy (novel)"]) the first Catholic to assume the position. He was inaugurated on 20 January 1961. (PROSE: Time Traveller's Diary [+]Loading...["Time Traveller's Diary (novel)"])

In the early 1960s, the United States confronted the Soviet Union and Cuba in the Cuban Missile Crisis. Fear of nuclear war during the crisis kept Barbara Wright awake at night. (AUDIO: 1963 [+]Loading...["1963 (audio story)"])

On 22 November 1963, Lee Harvey Oswald allegedly assassinated President Kennedy in Dallas, Texas. (PROSE: Who Killed Kennedy [+]Loading...["Who Killed Kennedy (novel)"]) The Ninth Doctor was present for this event. (TV: Rose [+]Loading...["Rose (TV story)"])

By 1965, the United States was conducting research into psychic powers. (AUDIO: Peshka [+]Loading...["Peshka (audio story)"])

The first acknowledged American Moon landing happened on 20 July 1969. (TV: Blink [+]Loading...["Blink (TV story)"], PROSE: Who Killed Kennedy [+]Loading...["Who Killed Kennedy (novel)"])

In 1969, the Eleventh Doctor described Washington, D.C. as "the most powerful city in the most powerful country on Earth." At that time, a little girl phoned President Richard Nixon, told him about a spaceman that was coming to eat her, and warned him about monsters in the oval office. President Nixon recruited Canton Everett Delaware III to find out who the child was, and he was assisted by the Doctor, Amy Pond, Rory Williams, and River Song. During these events, the Silence were defeated by the Doctor through the use of their own post hypnotic suggestion. (TV: The Impossible Astronaut [+]Loading...["The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)"]/Day of the Moon [+]Loading...["Day of the Moon (TV story)"])

UNIT era[[edit] | [edit source]]

During the Cold War in the late 20th century, America was counted as one of the superpowers alongside Russia and China. (TV: Robot [+]Loading...["Robot (TV story)"]) A "quarrel" between the three powers concerning a sphere of influence flared up in the Near East, becoming known as the Near East Crisis, which threatened to bring about World War III before being settled by a World Peace Conference. (PROSE: Doctor Who and the Day of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Doctor Who and the Day of the Daleks (novelisation)"], TV: Day of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Day of the Daleks (TV story)"]) At one point, to avoid warfare, all three superpowers gave their destructor codes to Great Britain. (TV: Robot [+]Loading...["Robot (TV story)"])

1970s[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 1970, Melody Pond ended up in New York City, dying from a disease, and on the run from the Silence since her escape from them in Florida. She regenerated to cure herself and continue living, scaring away a homeless man that had been concerned about her health. (TV: Day of the Moon [+]Loading...["Day of the Moon (TV story)"]) This new incarnation of Melody ended up a toddler. (TV: Let's Kill Hitler [+]Loading...["Let's Kill Hitler (TV story)"])

1990s[[edit] | [edit source]]

The Tenth Doctor alleged that by 1994, the US military would admit that Area 51 existed, having previously denied it. (TV: Dreamland [+]Loading...["Dreamland (TV story)"])

The US had airbases in the United Kingdom. During the Martian Invasion of 1997, Home Secretary David Staines wondered what the Ice Warriors intended to do with them. Following the invasion, the US was among the powers that made generous reconstruction grants to the UK, although Britain would continue to remember their inaction during the Dying Days for some considerable years. (PROSE: The Dying Days [+]Loading...["The Dying Days (novel)"])

In June 1999, President Clinton gave a Congressional Medal to Rosa Parks, recognising her as a living icon for freedom. (TV: Rosa [+]Loading...["Rosa (TV story)"])

Between 30 December 1999 and just after midnight on 1 January 2000, the Seventh Doctor was in San Francisco, where he regenerated into his eighth incarnation, and subsequently prevented the Bruce Master from causing havoc with time and space on New Year's Eve. (TV: Doctor Who [+]Loading...["Doctor Who (TV story)"])

21st century[[edit] | [edit source]]

2000s[[edit] | [edit source]]

By the 21st century, Survivor was being made in America. (PROSE: Have You Seen This Man? [+]Loading...{"writer":"Unknown","1":"Have You Seen This Man? (short story)"})

In 2000, the Eighth Doctor visited Dr. Grace Holloway and took her on a trip in the TARDIS. (COMIC: The Body Politic [+]Loading...["The Body Politic (comic story)"])

In 2003, part of the southern United States formed a 51st state, Malebolgia. Brigham Elisha Dashwood III, with the aid of the Psionovore Marchosias, planned to run for Governor of the new state, but was defeated by the Eighth Doctor, Charley Pollard and the Brigadier. (AUDIO: Minuet in Hell [+]Loading...["Minuet in Hell (audio story)"])

In 2006, following the London UFO crash, (TV: Aliens of London [+]Loading...["Aliens of London (TV story)"], World War Three [+]Loading...["World War Three (TV story)"], etc.) Mickey stated on his website that Henry Van Statten was a US dotcom giant. (PROSE: Henry Van Statten [+]Loading...["Henry Van Statten (short story)"])

There was a legal battle between the Americans and the Czech Republic over who brewed Budweiser beer first. (PROSE: Slow Decay [+]Loading...["Slow Decay (novel)"])

By 2007, H.C. Clements had an office in the USA. (TV: The Runaway Bride [+]Loading...["The Runaway Bride (TV story)"])

In the 2000s,[nb 1] the Saxon Master, the new Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, announced first contact with the Toclafane, who he described as a friendly form of alien life. The United States sent President Arthur Winters to come to the Valiant and take charge, whereupon the Toclafane killed him. (TV: The Sound of Drums [+]Loading...["The Sound of Drums (TV story)"])

On Christmas Day in the 2000s,[nb 2] supposed Earthonomics expert Mr Copper was under the impression that "Ham Erica" was at war with the nations of Europey. The Tenth Doctor corrected him with "not yet", but admitted that he could "argue that one". (TV: Voyage of the Damned [+]Loading...["Voyage of the Damned (TV story)"])

In the 2000s,[nb 3] the New Dalek Empire attacked New York. The Daleks destroyed the UNIT New York Headquarters and killed most of the staff, including General Sanchez and Suzanne, although Martha Jones escaped thanks to Project Indigo. (TV: The Stolen Earth [+]Loading...["The Stolen Earth (TV story)"])

In 2009, Colonel Augustus Oduya noted, among other places across Earth, America to have witnessed every human child being compelled to suddenly stop and proclaim their message: "we are coming" at 8:40AM GMT on a Wednesday in September, despite most of the population being asleep at that time. (TV: Children of Earth: Day One [+]Loading...["Children of Earth: Day One (TV story)"]) Angered that the British government had conducted secret negotiations with an alien race known as the 456, the President sent General Austin Pierce to London to convey his utmost fury at the matter. (TV: Children of Earth: Day Three [+]Loading...["Children of Earth: Day Three (TV story)"]) Austin, seeing the British government as responsible for the problem, took over the operation of handing over 10% of the world's children to the 456. British Prime Minister Brian Green later considered this "lucky": they could blame America. (TV: Children of Earth: Day Five [+]Loading...["Children of Earth: Day Five (TV story)"])

2010s[[edit] | [edit source]]

In 2011, Carter sent letters written by the Eleventh Doctor to River Song, Amy Pond, Rory Williams, Canton Everett Delaware III, and the Doctor's younger self, asking them (bar the Doctor himself) to meet the Doctor in Lake Silencio in Utah. When they arrived the Doctor told Amy, River and Rory that they would have to go to "space, 1969." After Canton arrived, the Doctor, actually a Teselecta decoy, was shot by a younger version of River. Canton informed the others that the Doctor was really dead, and they cremated his supposed body. After Amy, Rory, and River found the Doctor's younger self, they travelled back in time to 8 April 1969. (TV: The Impossible Astronaut [+]Loading...["The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)"], The Wedding of River Song [+]Loading...["The Wedding of River Song (TV story)"])

During the 2010s invasion of Earth by parallel universe Cybermen, America was among the places where they landed. (AUDIO: Master of Worlds [+]Loading...["Master of Worlds (audio story)"])

In 2015, relations between the United States and Cuba remained tense. (AUDIO: The Eight Truths [+]Loading...["The Eight Truths (audio story)"])

Also in 2015, the USA-Mexican border was among the places where newly-hatched Zygons were settled across the world as part of Operation Double, resulting in a minority of Zygons residing in New Mexico under the pretence of being British migrants. (TV: The Zygon Invasion [+]Loading...["The Zygon Invasion (TV story)"])

The World Zone Authority was headquartered in the old United Nations building in New York. (TV: The Enemy of the World [+]Loading...["The Enemy of the World (TV story)"])

Mid 21st century[[edit] | [edit source]]

In the 2030s, the United States was a rival of the Eurozone. During the Felix Mather presidency, both blocs sent peacekeeping forces to North Africa. (PROSE: Trading Futures [+]Loading...["Trading Futures (novel)"])

Circa 2037 the Wars of Independence broke up the United States. Terrorists destroyed the city of Phoenix, Arizona using a Tesla bomb. It was turned into a massive crater which came to be known as the "Phoenix Sandbowl". (PROSE: Alien Bodies [+]Loading...["Alien Bodies (novel)"])

The 2040s saw destructive super-storms sweep America as a result of climate change. Andy Stone's farming commune in Iowa pioneered ways of growing crops in the new conditions and these went global in 2045. (TV: The Waters of Mars [+]Loading...["The Waters of Mars (TV story)"])

America had a female president in 2049. While NASA still existed, it had been so long since they had gone beyond Earth's orbit that they had to refit an old 20th century shuttle to reach the moon. (TV: Kill the Moon [+]Loading...["Kill the Moon (TV story)"])

In 2054, the Montana Republican Militia bought thermosystron bombs from the Selachians and tried to invade Canada. (PROSE: Alien Bodies [+]Loading...["Alien Bodies (novel)"])

America was part of the multinational Bowie Base One mission on Mars in 2058-2059. Andy Stone, Mia Bennett, and Roman Groom were part of the American team. (TV: The Waters of Mars [+]Loading...["The Waters of Mars (TV story)"])

Late 21st century[[edit] | [edit source]]

Due to the Myloki conflict of 2066-8 (in which New York City was destroyed by dirty bombs), by 2096 America was split into the warring North American Legion and Deep Southern States, with the Texas Republic selling weapons to both sides. Seattle was one of several independent city-states operating a slave-based economy. A large number of Americans served in SILOET.

When the Myloki returned, Atlanta was one of the areas hit with their blight. (PROSE: The Indestructible Man [+]Loading...["The Indestructible Man (novel)"])

Fall[[edit] | [edit source]]

By 2118, America and Europe had been using Africa to grow new foodstuffs for their populations. (PROSE: The Art of Destruction [+]Loading...["The Art of Destruction (novel)"])

In 2146 America's economy collapsed, causing food riots. (PROSE: Lucifer Rising [+]Loading...["Lucifer Rising (novel)"]) This, or perhaps a later economic meltdown, was abated by the Conglomerate. (AUDIO: The Sands of Life [+]Loading...["The Sands of Life (audio story)"])

When the Daleks invaded Earth in 2157, New York City was destroyed. (TV: The Chase [+]Loading...["The Chase (TV story)"]) It would not be fully repaired for decades. (PROSE: Salvation [+]Loading...["Salvation (novel)"]; AUDIO: Return of the Rocket Men [+]Loading...["Return of the Rocket Men (audio story)"])

26th century[[edit] | [edit source]]

Probably well before the mid 26th century, much of what was once the southern United States had sunk under the "Mississippi Sea". (PROSE: Home [+]Loading...["Home (BFBS short story)"])

Legacy[[edit] | [edit source]]

In the 26th century the White House, which had been the residence for the president of the United States, had become the residence for the President of Earth. (AUDIO: Scorpius [+]Loading...["Scorpius (audio story)"])

At one point, America was home to one of the five ioniser bases keeping back the glaciers of the second Ice Age. (TV: The Ice Warriors [+]Loading...["The Ice Warriors (TV story)"])

By the 51st century, America seemed to be unheard of by some humans. When River Song escaped from the Stormcage Containment Facility, she announced she was heading to America, which a prison guard mistook as a planet. (TV: The Impossible Astronaut [+]Loading...["The Impossible Astronaut (TV story)"])

The date of River's escape was unknown in The Impossible Astronaut, but as the date of her escape in The Pandorica Opens was 5145, it seems likely her second escape was also in the 52nd century.

By 200100, the USA was part of the New American Alliance. When the Daleks attacked, most of the population was killed and the terrain was drastically altered. (TV: The Parting of the Ways [+]Loading...["The Parting of the Ways (TV story)"])

The American city of New York became one of the most important cities in human history. Versions of New York city continued to exist for billions of years. (TV: New Earth [+]Loading...["New Earth (TV story)"], Evolution of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Evolution of the Daleks (TV story)"])

People and culture[[edit] | [edit source]]

U.S. popular culture had a significant influence on the rest of the Earth during the 20th and 21st centuries, especially in the Western world. U.S. music was heard all over the world, and included such forms as blues, jazz and rock and roll. As late as the final destruction of Earth during the expansion of its Sun, much of this music was still considered among the greatest ever composed by humanity. (TV: The End of the World [+]Loading...["The End of the World (TV story)"])

The Master cited Uncle Sam and grits as American things. (TV: The Sound of Drums [+]Loading...["The Sound of Drums (TV story)"])

American DJs were well liked by the DJ of Tranquil Repose, who based his style of presentation on them. Peri Brown thought of "Tranquil Repose" as the sort of name for a place in America; the Sixth Doctor agreed but thought America did not have a monopoly on bad taste. (TV: Revelation of the Daleks [+]Loading...["Revelation of the Daleks (TV story)"])

Guns were readily available in the US. The Sixth Doctor joked that Americans gave away guns with breakfast cereal. (AUDIO: Shield of the Jötunn [+]Loading...["Shield of the Jötunn (audio story)"])

Languages[[edit] | [edit source]]

The United States was home to a variety of languages, including English (TV: The Gunfighters [+]Loading...["The Gunfighters (TV story)"], Daleks in Manhattan [+]Loading...["Daleks in Manhattan (TV story)"], The New World [+]Loading...["The New World (TV story)"], et al.) and Spanish. (AUDIO: The Dollhouse [+]Loading...["The Dollhouse (audio story)"])

Economy[[edit] | [edit source]]

By the 20th century, the United States had a decimal currency. (TV: "An Unearthly Child" [+]Part of An Unearthly Child, Loading...{"namedep":"An Unearthly Child (1)","1":"An Unearthly Child (TV story)"})

Companions and Time Lords[[edit] | [edit source]]

Largest cities[[edit] | [edit source]]

New York City was destroyed during the 2150s Dalek invasion of Earth, (TV: The Chase [+]Loading...["The Chase (TV story)"]) while Los Angeles was still a major global centre in the early years of the Earth Empire. (TV: Frontier in Space [+]Loading...["Frontier in Space (TV story)"])

US states[[edit] | [edit source]]

Main article: State#United States

Other realities[[edit] | [edit source]]

Alternate timelines[[edit] | [edit source]]

In an alternate timeline in which Nazi Germany won World War II as a result of the Seventh Doctor and Ace accidentally leaving laser technology in Colditz Castle in October 1944, the Nazi scientists were able to refine uranium and create nuclear weapons. They subsequently bombed New York City, forcing the surrender of the United States and winning the war for Germany. (AUDIO: Klein's Story [+]Loading...["Klein's Story (audio story)"])

In an alternative timeline created by the Elder Gods in the hope of destroying Earth, World War III broke out on 9 November 1989 between the United States and its allies, and the Soviet Union. Given that nuclear weapons were used by both sides, hundreds of millions of people were killed in the conflict. This timeline was ultimately negated by the Seventh Doctor. (AUDIO: Protect and Survive [+]Loading...["Protect and Survive (audio story)"])

In an alternate timeline in which John Hart married Queen Victoria in the late 19th century, he manipulated her into using the resources of the Torchwood Institute to reclaim the United States as part of the British Empire. (AUDIO: The Death of Captain Jack [+]Loading...["The Death of Captain Jack (audio story)"])

Parallel universes[[edit] | [edit source]]

In a parallel universe where Earth was affected by rapid climate change caused by an extraterrestrial force, the United States was part of the Big Six, with government officials knowing the truth about global warming. The country was governed by a female president. (AUDIO: The Flood [+]Loading...["The Flood (RTDC audio story)"])

In the Unbound Universe, the Master recalled that the Probe 7 disaster had left "a line of mile wide craters across America". (AUDIO: Sympathy for the Devil [+]Loading...["Sympathy for the Devil (audio story)"])

Unclear[[edit] | [edit source]]

In a parallel world, given England's irradiated landscape, the March of the Adipose took place in America, with sixty million Americans being dissolved into fat. (TV: Turn Left [+]Loading...["Turn Left (TV story)"])

Behind the scenes[[edit] | [edit source]]

Map of the United States (TV: Dalek)

Footnotes[[edit] | [edit source]]

  1. ↑ see Aliens of London dating controversy
  2. ↑ see Aliens of London dating controversy
  3. ↑ see Aliens of London dating controversy
v • e
The United States of America
States
Capital
Territories
v • e
Nations of Earth
North
America
Past
Present
Caribbean
Future
Alternate
timelines
South
America
Present
Alternate
timelines
Europe
Past
Present
Future
Alternate
timelines
Africa
Past
Present
Future
Asia
Past
Present
Future
Alternate
timelines
Oceania
Present
Unspecified
location
Past
Future
Fictional nations in the DWU are in italics.
Nations are divided in past, present, or future based on real world context.
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